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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 101 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Review on Design of Upper Limb Exoskeletons

Open access
Gull, Muhammad Ahsan, Bai, Shaoping, Bak, Thomas·2020·Robotics

Abstract

Exoskeleton robotics has ushered in a new era of modern neuromuscular rehabilitation engineering and assistive technology research. The technology promises to improve the upper-limb functionalities required for performing activities of daily living. The exoskeleton technology is evolving quickly but still needs interdisciplinary research to solve technical challenges, e.g., kinematic compatibility and development of effective human–robot interaction. In this paper, the recent development in upper-limb exoskeletons is reviewed. The key challenges involved in the development of assistive exoskeletons are highlighted by comparing available solutions. This paper provides a general classification, comparisons, and overview of the mechatronic designs of upper-limb exoskeletons. In addition, a brief overview of the control modalities for upper-limb exoskeletons is also presented in this paper. A discussion on the future directions of research is included.

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Crossref · 10.3390/robotics9010016

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Metadata

Authors
Gull, M. A., Bai, S., & Bak, T.
Venue
Robotics
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-03-17
Volume
9
Issue
1
Pages
16
ISSN
2218-6581 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3012542762
Cited by
435
References
101
FWCI
18.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Review on Design of Upper Limb Exoskeletons. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/robotics9010016
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Gull, M. A., Bai, S., & Bak, T. (2020). A Review on Design of Upper Limb Exoskeletons. Robotics. https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics9010016

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.