The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Underwater Optical Wireless Communications: Overview
Open accessAbstract
Underwater Optical Wireless Communication (UOWC) is not a new idea, but it has recently attracted renewed interest since seawater presents a reduced absorption window for blue-green light. Due to its higher bandwidth, underwater optical wireless communications can support higher data rates at low latency levels compared to acoustic and RF counterparts. The paper is aimed at those who want to undertake studies on UOWC. It offers an overview on the current technologies and those potentially available soon. Particular attention has been given to offering a recent bibliography, especially on the use of single-photon receivers.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles
Bohren, C. F., & Huffman, D. R. (1998) · doi:10.1002/9783527618156 · Cited by 18,474
Optical Constants of Water in the 200-nm to 200-μm Wavelength Region
Hale, G. M., & Querry, M. R. (1973) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.12.000555 · Cited by 4,468
Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: A Communication Theory Perspective
Khalighi, M. A., & Uysal, M. (2014) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2014.2329501 · Cited by 2,466
Underwater acoustic communication channels: Propagation models and statistical characterization
Stojanovic, M., & Preisig, J. (2009) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2009.4752682 · Cited by 2,060
Single-photon detectors for optical quantum information applications
Hadfield, R. H. (2009) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2009.230 · Cited by 1,726
Underwater Optical Wireless Communication
Kaushal, H., & Kaddoum, G. (2016) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2016.2552538 · Cited by 1,428
Laser Beam Scintillation with Applications
Andrews, L. C., Phillips, R. L., & Young, C. Y. (2001) · SPIE eBooks · doi:10.1117/3.412858 · Cited by 1,420
A Survey of Underwater Optical Wireless Communications
Zeng, Z., Fu, S., Zhang, H., Dong, Y., & Cheng, J. (2017) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2016.2618841 · Cited by 1,287
High bandwidth underwater optical communication
Hanson, F., & Radic, S. (2008) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.47.000277 · Cited by 656
A Survey of 5G Channel Measurements and Models
Wang, C.-X., Bian, J., Sun, J., Zhang, W., & Zhang, M. (2018) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2862141 · Cited by 594
Cited by
Imoize, A. L., Adedeji, O., Tandiya, N., & Shetty, S. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21051709 · Cited by 281
Metadata
- Authors
- Schirripa Spagnolo, G., Cozzella, L., & Leccese, F.
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-04-16
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2261
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3016299313
- Cited by
- 396
- References
- 73
- FWCI
- 16.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Underwater Optical Wireless Communications: Overview. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/s20082261
- The paper
- Schirripa Spagnolo, G., Cozzella, L., & Leccese, F. (2020). Underwater Optical Wireless Communications: Overview. Sensors. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20082261
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
