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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Traffic Signal Control: A Cooperative Approach
Open accessAbstract
The rapid growth of urbanization and the constant demand for mobility have put a great strain on transportation systems in cities. One of the major challenges in these areas is traffic congestion, particularly at signalized intersections. This problem not only leads to longer travel times for commuters, but also results in a significant increase in local and global emissions. The fixed cycle of traffic lights at these intersections is one of the primary reasons for this issue. To address these challenges, applying reinforcement learning to coordinating traffic light controllers has become a highly researched topic in the field of transportation engineering. This paper focuses on the traffic signal control problem, proposing a solution using a multi-agent deep Q-learning algorithm. This study introduces a novel rewarding concept in the multi-agent environment, as the reward schemes have yet to evolve in the following years with the advancement of techniques. The goal of this study is to manage traffic networks in a more efficient manner, taking into account both sustainability and classic measures. The results of this study indicate that the proposed approach can bring about significant improvements in transportation systems. For instance, the proposed approach can reduce fuel consumption by 11% and average travel time by 13%. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of reinforcement learning in improving the coordination of traffic light controllers and reducing the negative impacts of traffic congestion in urban areas. The implementation of this proposed solution could contribute to a more sustainable and efficient transportation system in the future.
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“Nevertheless, there are still difficulties in scaling the approach to different traffic situations like congestion timing and modifying reward mechanisms to such situations.”
From Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning for Real-time Traffic Control in 6G-Enabled VANET Environments (2025) · cites this paper as [18]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kolat, M., Kővári, B., Bécsi, T., & Aradi, S.
- Affiliations
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics (HU)
- Corresponding author
- Bécsi, Tamás
- Aradi, Szilárd
- Venue
- Sustainability
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-02-14
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 3479
- ISSN
- 2071-1050 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4320729567
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 4
- FWCI
- 10.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sustainability (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Union (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00002, BME-NVA-02)
- National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00002, BME-NVA-02)
- János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00002, BME-NVA-02)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Traffic control and management
- Social Sciences › Transportation › Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Reinforcement Learning in Robotics
- Keywords
- traffic signal control, traffic congestion, signalized intersections, reward function design, fuel consumption reduction, travel time reduction, sustainable transport, urban traffic management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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