Review of the Effects of Fossil Fuels and the Need for a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Policy in Malaysia
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The world has relied on fossil fuel energy for a long time, producing many adverse effects. Long-term fossil fuel dependency has increased carbon emissions and accelerated climate change. In addition, fossil fuels are also depleting and will soon be very costly. Moreover, the expensive national electricity grid has yet to reach rural areas and will be cut off in inundation areas. As such, alternative and carbon-free hydrogen fuel cell energy is highly recommended as it solves these problems. The reviews find that (i) compared to renewable energy such as solar, biomass, and hydropower, a fuel cell does not require expensive transmission through an energy grid and is carbon-free, and hence, it is a faster agent to decelerate climate change; (ii) fuel cell technologies have reached an optimum level due to the high-efficiency production of energy, and they are environmentally friendly; (iii) the absence of a policy on hydrogen fuel cells will hinder investment from private companies as they are not adequately regulated. It is thus recommended that countries embarking on hydrogen fuel cell development have a specific policy in place to allow the government to fund and regulate hydrogen fuel cells in the energy generation mix. This is essential as it provides the basis for alternative energy governance, development, and management of a country.
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The interlocking climate and energy crises require an urgent transition to renewable energy for sustainability and emission reduction.
“These interlocking climate and energy crises require an urgent transition to renewable energy for sustainability and emission reduction [14, 154].”
From Biofuel production: exploring renewable energy solutions for a greener future (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Azni, M. A., Md Khalid, R., Hasran, U. A., & Kamarudin, S. K.
- Affiliations
- National University of Malaysia (MY)
- Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Fuel Cell Institute (MY)
- Venue
- Sustainability
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-02-22
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 4033
- ISSN
- 2071-1050 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4321597683
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 19
- FWCI
- 7.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sustainability (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (TRGS/1/2018/UKM/01/6/3)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Energy Engineering and Power Technology › Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Renewable energy and sustainable power systems
- Physical Sciences › Energy › General Energy › Global Energy Security and Policy
- Keywords
- hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel dependence, CO2 emissions, climate change mitigation, energy policy, renewable energy, rural electrification, Malaysia
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