Cited by 56Thermochemical Biomass Conversion ProcessesMunicipal Solid Waste ManagementEnergy and Environment Impacts

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Reviewing Air Pollutants Generated during the Pyrolysis of Solid Waste for Biofuel and Biochar Production: Toward Cleaner Production Practices

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Li, Simeng·2024·Sustainability

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Abstract

The production of biofuels and biochar through pyrolysis is a promising avenue for sustainable energy generation and waste management. However, this process can inadvertently release various air pollutants into the atmosphere, potentially compromising its environmental benefits. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the gas pollutants associated with pyrolysis for biofuel and biochar production, as well as different variables affecting gas emissions. Key pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been discussed in terms of their formations and emissions during pyrolysis processes. Furthermore, major factors influencing pollutant emissions, including feedstock composition, pyrolysis conditions, and combustion technologies have been examined with up-to-date examples. The review highlights the significance of emission control strategies, such as advanced reactor design, catalyst utilization, and the integration of realtime monitoring systems, in mitigating air pollution from pyrolysis processes. By shedding light on the environmental challenges associated with pyrolysis-based biofuel and biochar production, this article aims to encourage the development of cleaner and more sustainable approaches to harness the potential of solid waste conversion technologies.

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See all 56

Authors: Li, S.
Affiliations: California State Polytechnic University (US)
Corresponding author: Li, Simeng
ORCID: Li, Simeng
Venue: Sustainability
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2024-01-30
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Pages: 1169
ISSN: 2071-1050 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/su16031169
OpenAlex: W4391362183
Cited by: 56
References: 218
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 11
FWCI: 6.13
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Sustainability (publishedVersion, cc-by)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Municipal Solid Waste Management
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Energy and Environment Impacts
Keywords: pyrolysis, biofuel production, biochar production, solid waste, air pollutant emissions, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, emission control, feedstock composition, pyrolysis conditions, catalysts, reactor design, real-time monitoring, cleaner production

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Reviewing Air Pollutants Generated during the Pyrolysis of Solid Waste for Biofuel and Biochar Production: Toward Cleaner Production Practices

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