The DOI matches its Crossref record; 170 of the 170 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Staphylococcus aureus Toxins: An Update on Their Pathogenic Properties and Potential Treatments
Open accessAbstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a clinically important pathogen that causes a wide range of human infections, from minor skin infections to severe tissue infection and sepsis. S. aureus has a high level of antibiotic resistance and is a common cause of infections in hospitals and the community. The rising prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA), combined with the important severity of S. aureus infections in general, has resulted in the frequent use of anti-staphylococcal antibiotics, leading to increasing resistance rates. Antibiotic-resistant S. aureus continues to be a major health concern, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies. S. aureus uses a wide range of virulence factors, such as toxins, to develop an infection in the host. Recently, anti-virulence treatments that directly or indirectly neutralize S. aureus toxins have showed promise. In this review, we provide an update on toxin pathogenic characteristics, as well as anti-toxin therapeutical strategies.
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“Biofilm formation enhances bacterial persistence, while superantigens trigger excessive immune activation, leading to cytokine storms that exacerbate disease severity [92].”
From Staphylococcus aureus: A Review of the Pathogenesis and Virulence Mechanisms (2025) · cites this paper as [92]
In the citing paper
“These toxins, including cytolysins (e.g., alpha-toxin, PVL, superantigens (e.g., TSST-1), and exfoliative toxins), contribute to tissue damage by cleaving desmosomal cadherins, leading to severe skin conditions such as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), immune dysregulation, and systemic toxicity [91,92].”
From Staphylococcus aureus: A Review of the Pathogenesis and Virulence Mechanisms (2025) · cites this paper as [92]
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Citations
Cites
Staphylococcus aureus Infections
Lowy, F. D. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199808203390806 · Cited by 6,005
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RHO GTPASES: Biochemistry and Biology
Jaffe, A. B., & Hall, A. (2005) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.21.020604.150721 · Cited by 3,009
The role of nasal carriage in Staphylococcus aureus infections
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Antimicrobial Peptides: Classification, Design, Application and Research Progress in Multiple Fields
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Through the wall: extracellular vesicles in Gram-positive bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi
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Synthesis of staphylococcal virulence factors is controlled by a regulatory RNA molecule.
Novick, R. P., Ross, H. F., Projan, S. J., Kornblum, J., Kreiswirth, B., & Moghazeh, S. (1993) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb06074.x · Cited by 1,072
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Cited by
Staphylococcus aureus: A Review of the Pathogenesis and Virulence Mechanisms
Touaitia, R., Mairi, A., Ibrahim, N. A., Basher, N. S., Idres, T., & Touati, A. (2025) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics14050470 · Cited by 273
Metadata
- Authors
- Ahmad-Mansour, N., Loubet, P., Pouget, C., Dunyach-Remy, C., Sotto, A., Lavigne, J.-P., & Molle, V.
- Venue
- Toxins
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-09-23
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 677
- ISSN
- 2072-6651 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3202908281
- Cited by
- 386
- References
- 170
- FWCI
- 16.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- Ahmad-Mansour, N., Loubet, P., Pouget, C., Dunyach-Remy, C., Sotto, A., Lavigne, J.-P., & Molle, V. (2021). Staphylococcus aureus Toxins: An Update on Their Pathogenic Properties and Potential Treatments. Toxins. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13100677
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
