The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cholera Toxin: An Intracellular Journey into the Cytosol by Way of the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Open accessAbstract
Cholera toxin (CT), an AB5-subunit toxin, enters host cells by binding the ganglioside GM1 at the plasma membrane (PM) and travels retrograde through the trans-Golgi Network into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In the ER, a portion of CT, the enzymatic A1-chain, is unfolded by protein disulfide isomerase and retro-translocated to the cytosol by hijacking components of the ER associated degradation pathway for misfolded proteins. After crossing the ER membrane, the A1-chain refolds in the cytosol and escapes rapid degradation by the proteasome to induce disease by ADP-ribosylating the large G-protein Gs and activating adenylyl cyclase. Here, we review the mechanisms of toxin trafficking by GM1 and retro-translocation of the A1-chain to the cytosol.
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Cites
One step at a time: endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation
Vembar, S. S., & Brodsky, J. L. (2008) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2546 · Cited by 1,299
The AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97 and its partners transport proteins from the ER into the cytosol
Ye, Y., Meyer, H. H., & Rapoport, T. A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/414652a · Cited by 1,099
Ultrastructural identification of uncoated caveolin-independent early endocytic vehicles
Kirkham, M., Fujita, A., Chadda, R., Nixon, S. J., Kurzchalia, T. V., Sharma, D. K., Pagano, R. E., Hancock, J. F., Mayor, S., & Parton, R. G. (2005) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200407078 · Cited by 439
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Getting Across the Cell Membrane: An Overview for Small Molecules, Peptides, and Proteins
Yang, N. J., & Hinner, M. J. (2015) · Methods in Molecular Biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2272-7_3 · Cited by 826
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Bacterial genotoxins: The long journey to the nucleus of mammalian cells
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wernick, N. L. B., Chinnapen, D. J.-F., Cho, J. A., & Lencer, W. I.
- Venue
- Toxins
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2010-03-05
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 310-325
- ISSN
- 2072-6651 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2162306218
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 3.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- Wernick, N. L. B., Chinnapen, D. J.-F., Cho, J. A., & Lencer, W. I. (2010). Cholera Toxin: An Intracellular Journey into the Cytosol by Way of the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Toxins. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins2030310
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