One step at a time: endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation
Open accessAbstract
Protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is monitored by ER quality control (ERQC) mechanisms. Proteins that pass ERQC criteria traffic to their final destinations through the secretory pathway, whereas non-native and unassembled subunits of multimeric proteins are degraded by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. During ERAD, molecular chaperones and associated factors recognize and target substrates for retrotranslocation to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery. The discovery of diseases that are associated with ERAD substrates highlights the importance of this pathway. Here, we summarize our current understanding of each step during ERAD, with emphasis on the factors that catalyse distinct activities.
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The ERAD pathway is a facet of the UPP responsible for the degradation of aberrant proteins in the ER.
“The ERAD pathway is a facet of the UPP responsible for the degradation of aberrant proteins in the ER (11)”
From RNF170 Protein, an Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Ubiquitin Ligase, Mediates Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor Ubiquitination and Degradation (2011) · cites this paper as [11]
If repair mechanisms fail, damaged proteins are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome through an ER-associated degradation pathway or autophagy.
“If repair mechanisms fail, the damaged proteins are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome through an ER‐associated degradation pathway (ERAD) or autophagy (Imaizumi, 2007; Vembar & Brodsky, 2008; Buchberger et al, 2010).”
From Differential dynamics of the mammalian mRNA and protein expression response to misfolding stress (2016) · cites this paper as Vembar & Brodsky, 2008
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- Authors
- Vembar, S. S., & Brodsky, J. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brodsky, Jeffrey L.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2008-11-12
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 944-957
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- PMC
- PMC2654601
- OpenAlex
- W2081104776
- Cited by
- 1,299
- References
- 158
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 64 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 83 · 2014: 90 · 2013: 98 · 2012: 117
- FWCI
- 9.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM075061)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Keywords
- ER-associated degradation, ER quality control, retrotranslocation, molecular chaperones, ubiquitin-proteasome system, protein folding, secretory pathway
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cytoplasm, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Humans, Proteins, Substrate Specificity, Protein Folding, Molecular Chaperones, Protein Transport, Ubiquitin, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, Ubiquitination, Secretory Pathway
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