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Cited by 18Astrophysical Phenomena and ObservationsAstrophysics and Cosmic PhenomenaGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena

The Origin of Matter at the Base of Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei

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Romero, Gustavo, Gutiérrez, Eduardo·2020·Universe
DOI 10.3390/universe6070099
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Abstract

The generation of relativistic jets in active sources such as blazars is a complex problem with many aspects, most of them still not fully understood. Relativistic jets are likely produced by the accretion of matter and magnetic fields onto spinning black holes. Ergospheric dragging effects launch a Poynting-dominated outflow in the polar directions of these systems. Observations with very high resolution of the jet in the nearby radio galaxy M87 and evidence of extremely fast variability in the non-thermal radiation of several other objects indicate that charged particles produce synchrotron emission and gamma rays very close to the base of the jet. How these particles are injected into the magnetically shielded outflow is a mystery. Here we explore the effects of various processes in the hot accretion inflow close to the black hole that might result in the copious production of neutral particles which, through annihilation and decay in the jet’s funnel, might load the outflow with mass and charged particles on scales of a few Schwarzschild radii.

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  • Torsion-induced bounces have been realized in Einstein-Cartan and related torsionful models, including spinor-based constructions in which a single Dirac field drives both ekpyrotic contraction and a torsion-supported bounce.

    “Torsion-induced bounces have also been realized in Einstein-Cartan and related torsionful models, including spinor-based constructions in which a single Dirac field drives both ekpyrotic contraction and a torsionsupported bounce [11-13, 22, 28, 29].”

    From Dynamical systems analysis of an Einstein–Cartan ekpyrotic nonsingular bounce cosmology (2026) · cites this paper as [28]

    The Introduction discusses particle injection into relativistic jets, and §4.2 discusses electromagnetic cascades near black holes. Searches for Einstein–Cartan torsion, spinor cosmology, ekpyrotic contraction, and a Dirac-field bounce found no passage addressing the claim in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Romero, G., & Gutiérrez, E.
Affiliations
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (AR)
Corresponding author
Romero, Gustavo
ORCID
Venue
Universe
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-07-18
Volume
6
Issue
7
Pages
99
ISSN
2218-1997 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/universe6070099
OpenAlex
W3043055671
Cited by
18
References
5
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9
FWCI
1.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Universe (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (PIP 2014-00338, PIP2014, 2014-00338, 2017-2865, PICT 2017-2865)
  • Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AYA2016-76012- C3-1-P)
  • Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PICT 2017, PICT 2017-2865, CONICET)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Keywords
relativistic jets, active galactic nuclei, blazars, black hole accretion, ergosphere, Poynting flux, synchrotron radiation, gamma-ray emission, particle injection, particle annihilation, particle decay, hot accretion flows, M87

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