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Insights into the Structures and Multimeric Status of APOBEC Proteins Involved in Viral Restriction and Other Cellular Functions

Chen, Xiaojiang S.·2021·Viruses
DOI 10.3390/v13030497PMC PMC8002816
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Abstract

Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) proteins belong to a family of deaminase proteins that can catalyze the deamination of cytosine to uracil on single-stranded DNA or/and RNA. APOBEC proteins are involved in diverse biological functions, including adaptive and innate immunity, which are critical for restricting viral infection and endogenous retroelements. Dysregulation of their functions can cause undesired genomic mutations and RNA modification, leading to various associated diseases, such as hyper-IgM syndrome and cancer. This review focuses on the structural and biochemical data on the multimerization status of individual APOBECs and the associated functional implications. Many APOBECs form various multimeric complexes, and multimerization is an important way to regulate functions for some of these proteins at several levels, such as deaminase activity, protein stability, subcellular localization, protein storage and activation, virion packaging, and antiviral activity. The multimerization of some APOBECs is more complicated than others, due to the associated complex RNA binding modes.

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Metadata

Authors
Chen, X. S.
Affiliations
Molecular and Computational Biology, Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Venue
Viruses
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-03-17
Volume
13
Issue
3
Pages
497
ISSN
1999-4915
DOI
10.3390/v13030497
PMC
PMC8002816
Cited by
23
References
2
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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