The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Normative data for 144 compound remote associate problems
Open accessAbstract
We have developed and tested 144 compound remote associate problems. Across eight experiments, 289 participants were given four time limits (2 sec, 7 sec, 15 sec, or 30 sec) for solving each problem. This paper provides a brief overview of the problems and normative data regarding the percentage of participants solving, and mean time-to-solution for, each problem at each time limit. These normative data can be used in selecting problems on the basis of difficulty or mean time necessary for reaching a solution.
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“For the Remote Associates Test (RAT), we employed a widely-used dataset from Bowden and Jung-Beeman [11].”
From Human Creativity in the Age of LLMs: Randomized Experiments on Divergent and Convergent Thinking (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
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“convergent thinking involves narrowing down these possibilities to find a single correct solution [11, 12, 13, 60].”
From Decoupling of Usefulness and Novelty: Evaluating the Impact of Generative AI on Design Outputs and Novice Designers' Creative Thinking (2026) · cites this paper as [13]
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Citations
Cites
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Mednick, S. A. (1968) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.1968.tb00104.x · Cited by 431
Aha! Insight experience correlates with solution activation in the right hemisphere
Bowden, E. M., & Jung-Beeman, M. (2003) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03196539 · Cited by 421
Self-citation(1995) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/2205.003.0008 · Cited by 358
Getting the Right Idea: Semantic Activation in the Right Hemisphere May Help Solve Insight Problems
Bowden, E. M., & Beeman, M. J. (1998) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00082 · Cited by 277
Self-citationSelf-esteem and threats to self: Implications for self-construals and interpersonal perceptions.
Vohs, K. D., & Heatherton, T. F. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.81.6.1103 · Cited by 230
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The right hemisphere maintains solution-related activation for yet-to-be-solved problems
Beeman, M. J., & Bowden, E. M. (2000) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03211823 · Cited by 169
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Baba, Y. (1982). An analysis of creativity by means of the remote associates test for adults revised in Japanese (Jarat Form-A).Japanese Journal of Psychology,52, 330–336. · DOI
- Mednick, S. A., &Mednick, M. P. (1967).Examiner’s manual: Remote Associates Test. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
- Nevo, B. &Levin, I. (1978). Remote Associates Test: Assessment of creativity in Hebrew.Megamot,24, 87–98.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neural Activity When People Solve Verbal Problems with Insight
Beeman, M. J., Bowden, E. M., Haberman, J. M., Frymiare, J. L., Arambel-Liu, S., Greenblatt, R. E., Reber, P. J., & Kounios, J. (2004) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020097 · Cited by 1,059
Self-citationNew approaches to demystifying insight
BOWDEN, E., JUNGBEEMAN, M., FLECK, J., & KOUNIOS, J. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.05.012 · Cited by 657
Self-citationThe cognitive neuroscience of insight
Kounios, J., & Beeman, M. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115154 · Cited by 654
Give your ideas some legs: The positive effect of walking on creative thinking.
Oppezzo, M., & Schwartz, D. L. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/a0036577 · Cited by 615
Does incubation enhance problem solving? A meta-analytic review.
Sio, U. N., & Ormerod, T. C. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0014212 · Cited by 549
“Bowden and Jung-Beeman (2003b) have developed a pool of remote associates problems and collected normative data regarding the resolution rates and response times for the problems.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Bowden, E. M., & Jung-Beeman, M.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bowden, Edward M.
- Venue
- Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 634-639
- ISSN
- 0743-3808 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5970
- OpenAlex
- W2013214147
- Cited by
- 649
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 2.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- reference values, solution time, problem difficulty, problem selection, divergent thinking, creative problem solving
- MeSH terms
- Association Learning, Humans, Problem Solving, Reference Values, Time Factors
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