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Cited by 157Neuroscience and Music PerceptionNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory Processes and Influences

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 119 of the 121 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Sex differences in duration judgments: A meta-analytic review

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Block, Richard A., Hancock, Peter A., Zakay, Dan·2000·Memory & Cognition
DOI 10.3758/bf03211834
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Abstract

We quantitatively reviewed human sex differences in the magnitude and variability of duration judgments. Data from 4,794 females and 4,688 males yielded 87 effect size estimates of magnitude and 28 of variability. The overall sex difference in duration judgment magnitude was small but statistically significant. It was moderated by whether study participants knew in advance (prospective paradigm) or only later (retrospective paradigm) that they would be required to judge duration. Although prospective judgments showed no overall sex effect, some levels of moderator variables showed a small but statistically significant effect. Retrospective judgments showed a larger subjective-to-objective duration ratio for females than for males, and several variables moderated this effect. Females' judgments also showed more intersubject variability than did males' judgments. Relative to males, females sustain attention to time more in the prospective paradigm and have better episodic memory in the retrospective paradigm.

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Show all 121 references

Research works printed but not linked: 15

  1. Block, R. A., &Eisler, H. (2000).The compleat bibliography on the psychology of time, 1839–1999 [Machine-readable data file]. Bozeman, MT: Department of Psychology, Montana State University [Producer and distributor].
  2. Block, R. A., & Zakay, D. (in press). Psychological time at the millennium: Some past, present, future, and interdisciplinary issues. In M. P. Soulsby & J. T. Fraser (Eds.),Time: Perspectives at the millennium (The study of time X). Westport, CT: Greenwood.
  3. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesDubey, R. S. (1978). Effect of personal factors on the estimation of a short-filled time-interval of ten minutes.Indian Psychological Review,16, 29–35.
  4. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesDubey, R. S. (1986). Effect of complexity, familiarity, anxiety, and sex on the estimation of a series of five short-filled time-intervals.Indian Journal of Behaviour,10, 22–31.
  5. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesDubey, R. S., &Sharma, S. C. (1978). The effect of manifest anxiety on time-estimation.Journal of Psychological Researches,22, 153–164.
  6. mindicate studies included in the meta-analysesEisler, A. D. (1995). Cross-cultural differences in time perception: Comparison of African immigrants and native Swedes. In G. Neely (Ed.),Perception and psychophysics in theory and application (pp. 137–145). Stockholm: Stockholm University.
  7. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesFedotchev, A. I. (1984). [The perception, reproduction, and estimation of time in school children].Voprosy Psikhologii,1, 80–86.
  8. Fraisse, P. (1998).Time perception. In The new encyclopaedia Britannica (15th ed., Vol. 25, pp. 494–496). Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica.
  9. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesGilbert, J. A. (1894). Researches on the mental and physical development of school-children.Studies From the Yale Psychology Laboratory,3, 40–100.
  10. Hancock, P. A. (1999).Gaia and Chronos: Sex differences in the fourth cognitive dimension (Tech. Rep. No. 99-01). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota, Human Factors Research Laboratory.
  11. Johnson, B. T. (1993).DSTAT 1.10: Software for the meta-analytic review of research literatures [Documentation and computer software]. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  12. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesKirkcaldy, B. D. (1984). Individual differences in time estimation.International Journal of Sport Psychology,15, 11–24.
  13. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesKrishna, K. P., &Sinha, J. K. (1974). Personality adjustment and time perception in normal adolescents.Indian Journal of Applied Psychology,11, 24–27.
  14. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesLandaeta, F. S., Saavedra, M. A., &Simicic, V. Y. (1981). La percepción del tiempo y su relación con la edad [Time perception and its relation to age].Revista Chilena de Psicología,4, 35–41.
  15. indicate studies included in the meta-analysesRammsayer, T. H. (1998). Temporal information processing in male and female subjects.Studia Psychologica,40, 149–164.

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Metadata

Authors
Block, R. A., Hancock, P. A., & Zakay, D.
Affiliations
  • Montana State University (US)
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • Tel Aviv University (IL)
Corresponding author
Block, Richard A.
ORCID
Hancock, Peter A.
Venue
Memory & Cognition
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2000-12
Volume
28
Issue
8
Pages
1333-1346
ISSN
  • 0090-502X (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-5946
DOI
10.3758/bf03211834
OpenAlex
W2011105823
Cited by
157
References
121
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
0.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Memory & Cognition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords
sex differences, duration judgment, time perception, prospective timing, interindividual variability, episodic memory, gender differences in cognition
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attention, Child, Female, Humans, Judgment, Knowledge of Results, Psychological, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Time Perception

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