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Cited by 352

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3FHL: The Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources

Open access
Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bregeon, J., Britto, R. J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen, J. M., Costantin, D., Costanza, F., Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D’Ammando, F., de Palma, F., Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Drell, P. S., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Fortin, P., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M.-H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Horan, D., Jóhannesson, G., Kensei, S., Kuss, M., La Mura, G., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lubrano, P., Magill, J. D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meyer, M., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V. S., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stawarz, L., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, M., Tak, D., Thayer, J. G., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K., Wood, M.·2017·The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

Abstract

We present a catalog of sources detected above 10 GeV by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the first 7 years of data using the Pass 8 event-level analysis. This is the Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources (3FHL), containing 1556 objects characterized in the 10 GeV–2 TeV energy range. The sensitivity and angular resolution are improved by factors of 3 and 2 relative to the previous LAT catalog at the same energies (1FHL). The vast majority of detected sources (79%) are associated with extragalactic counterparts at other wavelengths, including 16 sources located at very high redshift (z > 2). Of the sources, 8% have Galactic counterparts and 13% are unassociated (or associated with a source of unknown nature). The high-latitude sky and the Galactic plane are observed with a flux sensitivity of 4.4 to 9.5 × 10−11 ph cm−2 s−1, respectively (this is approximately 0.5% and 1% of the Crab Nebula flux above 10 GeV). The catalog includes 214 new γ-ray sources. The substantial increase in the number of photons (more than 4 times relative to 1FHL and 10 times to 2FHL) also allows us to measure significant spectral curvature for 32 sources and find flux variability for 163 of them. Furthermore, we estimate that for the same flux limit of 10−12 erg cm−2 s−1, the energy range above 10 GeV has twice as many sources as the range above 50 GeV, highlighting the importance, for future Cherenkov telescopes, of lowering the energy threshold as much as possible.

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Authors
Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bregeon, J., Britto, R. J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen, J. M., Costantin, D., Costanza, F., Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D’Ammando, F., de Palma, F., Desiante, R., Digel, S. W., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Drell, P. S., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Fortin, P., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M.-H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J. W., Horan, D., Jóhannesson, G., Kensei, S., Kuss, M., La Mura, G., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lubrano, P., Magill, J. D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meyer, M., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V. S., Paneque, D., Perkins, J. S., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Sgrò, C., Simone, D., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stawarz, L., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, M., Tak, D., Thayer, J. G., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K., & Wood, M.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Published
2017-09-27
Volume
232
Issue
2
Pages
18
ISSN
  • 0067-0049 (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4365
OpenAlex
W2735285350
Cited by
352
References
2
FWCI
26.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: 3FHL: The Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3847/1538-4365/aa8221
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Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bregeon, J., Britto, R. J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caragiulo, M., . . . Wood, M. (2017). 3FHL: The Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aa8221

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