Effects of estrogen receptor α and β on the expression of visfatin and retinol-binding protein 4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of estrogen and estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ) on the expression of visfatin and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) by treating 3T3-L1 adipocytes with estradiol (E2), estrogen receptor agonists and antagonists. Mature adipocytes were exposed to E2, the ERα agonist, 4,4',4''-(4-propyl-[1H]-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)trisphenol (PPT), the ERβ agonist, 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN), E2 with the ERα antagonist, 1,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy)phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP), and E2 with the ERβ antagonist, (5R, 11R)-5,11-diethyl-5,6,11,12-tetrahydro-2,8-chrysenediol [(R,R)-THC], at various concentrations. To determine the effects of ER subtypes on the expression of adipokines, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analyses were performed. E2 concentrations of 10-5 and 10-6 mol/l induced a statistically significant increase in the expression of RBP4 (P=0.012 and P=0.011, respectively). In the cells treated with 10-5 mol/l PPT, RBP4 expression significantly increased (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with the ERα antagonist, MPP (10-5 mol/l), and E2 suppressed the expression of RBP4 (P=0.032). However, the expression of RBP4 was not significantly altered when the cells were treated with the ERβ agonist or antagonist. The expression of visfatin was not affected by different concentrations of E2 and ERs. 17β-estradiol significantly increased the secretion of RBP4 and upregulated RBP4 expression via ERα but not ERβ in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. RBP4 expression was regulated by estrogen in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes and this effect was selectively mediated by ERα.
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Drugs such as estrogens and oral contraceptives have been reported to elevate plasma concentrations of RBP, thereby elevating retinoid blood levels.
“Drugs such as estrogens and oral contraceptives have been reported to elevate plasma concentrations of RBP, thereby elevating retinoid blood levels [111].”
From Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity (2021) · cites this paper as [111]
The Discussion (page not available) reports that estradiol increased RBP4 secretion in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes and describes a correlation between plasma RBP and estradiol levels. It does not report that estrogens or oral contraceptives elevate plasma RBP, or that either raises retinoid blood levels; its proposed effect on retinoic acid metabolism is qualified as an expectation. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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References 33 · Cited by 15
- Authors
- JUNG, U. S., JEONG, K. J., KANG, J. K., YI, K., SHIN, J.-H., SEO, H. S., KIM, T., KIM, S.-H., & HUR, J.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Konyang University (KR)
- Korea University (KR)
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Medicine
- Publisher
- Spandidos Publications
- Published
- 2013-07-12
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 723-728
- ISSN
- 1107-3756 (ISSN-L)
- 1791-244X
- OpenAlex
- W2095333638
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Konyang University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- estrogen receptor beta, visfatin, retinol-binding protein 4, 3T3-L1 adipocytes, estradiol, adipokines, PPT, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, MPP+, adipogenesis, gene expression regulation, insulin resistance, inflammation, adipose tissue function
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Estradiol, Estrogen Antagonists, Gene Expression Regulation, Adipocytes, 3T3-L1 Cells, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Estrogen Receptor beta, Mice, Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase, Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma
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