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Intakes of plain water, moisture in foods and beverages, and total water in the adult US population—nutritional, meal pattern, and body weight correlates: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999–2006
Open accessAbstract
Background There is a surprising paucity of studies that have systematically examined the correlates of water intake in the US population. Objective The objective was to examine the association of contributors of water intake with dietary characteristics, meal consumption, and body weight in the US population. Design We used 24-h dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 (n = 12,283) and the NHANES 2005-2006 (n = 4112) to examine the independent association of intakes of plain water, beverage moisture, food moisture, and total water with sociodemographic factors, dietary characteristics (energy, nutrients, diet quality, and energy density), and meal patterns (number of eating episodes, mention of breakfast or snack) by using multiple regression methods. Results In 2005-2006, American adults reported consuming 3.18 L of total water within the previous 24 h (in 1999-2004, estimated total water intake was 3.35 L), with plain water and beverages contributing 33% and 48% of the total, respectively. Plain water intake was unrelated to the intake of energy and body mass index but was positively related to dietary fiber and inversely related to beverages, sugars, and the energy density of foods; these associations were in the opposite direction for beverage moisture intake. Total water intake was inversely related to energy from fat and energy density but positively related to dietary fiber, caffeine, alcohol, and diet quality. T…
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“We take fluid from drinks and foods, but drinks or beverages account for 70 to 80% of fluid consumed (33).”
From ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kant, A. K., Graubard, B. I., & Atchison, E. A.
- Affiliations
- Queens College, CUNY (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kant, Ashima K
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 655-663
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2728648
- OpenAlex
- W2109059870
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 8.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Keywords
- water intake, food moisture content, dietary fiber, energy density, diet quality, meal patterns, eating episodes, body mass index, body weight, caffeine, alcohol, sugar, adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Beverages, Body Weight, Caffeine, Diet, Dietary Fiber, Drinking, Feeding Behavior, Female, Food, Food Analysis, Humans, Male, Nutrition Surveys, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Water, Body Mass Index, Linear Models
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