Cited by 160Gastrointestinal motility and disordersGut microbiota and healthMicrobial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology

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A Systematic Review of the Effects of Polyols on Gastrointestinal Health and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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Lenhart, Adrienne, Chey, William D·2017·Advances in Nutrition

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Abstract

Polyols are sugar alcohols found in certain fruits, vegetables, and sugar-free sweeteners. They make up a component of the diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols, which is gaining popularity in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effects of polyols on the gastrointestinal tract in healthy men and women and in patients with IBS. Utilizing PubMed, Ovid, and Embase databases, we conducted a search on individual polyols and each of these terms: fermentation, absorption, motility, permeability, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Standard protocols for a systematic review were followed. We found a total of 1823 eligible articles, 79 of which were included in the review. Overall, available work has shown that polyol malabsorption generally occurs in a dose-dependent fashion in healthy individuals, and malabsorption increases when polyols are ingested in combination. However, studies in patients with IBS have shown conflicting results pertaining to polyol malabsorption. Polyol ingestion can lead to intestinal dysmotility in patients with IBS. Regarding the microbiome, moderate doses of polyols have been shown to shift the microbiome toward an increase in bifidobacteria in healthy individuals and may therefore be beneficial as prebiotics. However, data are limited regarding polyols and the microbiome in patients with IBS. Polyols can induce dose-dependent symptoms of flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and laxative effects when consumed by both healthy volunteers and patients with IBS. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of specific polyols on gastrointestinal function, sensation, and the microbiome in health and gastrointestinal disorders such as IBS.

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Authors: Lenhart, A., & Chey, W. D.
Affiliations: Henry Ford Health (US)
Michigan Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: Chey, William D
ORCID: Lenhart, Adrienne
Chey, William D
Venue: Advances in Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2017-07
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Pages: 587-596
ISSN: 2156-5376 (ISSN-L)
2161-8313
DOI: 10.3945/an.117.015560
PMC: PMC5508768
OpenAlex: W2751987943
Cited by: 160
References: 79
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
FWCI: 0.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 1671 d)
Locations: Advances in Nutrition (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
Keywords: sugar alcohols, irritable bowel syndrome, gut health, intestinal dysmotility, gut microbiota, Bifidobacterium, prebiotics, flatulence, laxative effect, dietary fiber, FODMAPs
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Fruit, Humans, Malabsorption Syndromes, Polymers, Vegetables, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Gastrointestinal Tract, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Gastrointestinal Absorption

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A Systematic Review of the Effects of Polyols on Gastrointestinal Health and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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