Distribution and Determinants of Low Birth Weight in Developing Countries
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OBJECTIVES: Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health concern, especially in developing countries, and is frequently related to child morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify key determinants that influence the prevalence of LBW in selected developing countries. METHODS: Secondary data analysis was conducted using 10 recent Demography and Health Surveys from developing countries based on the availability of the required information for the years 2010 to 2013. Associations of demographic, socioeconomic, community-based, and individual factors of the mother with LBW in infants were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of LBW in the study countries was 15.9% (range, 9.0 to 35.1%). The following factors were shown to have a significant association with the risk of having an LBW infant in developing countries: maternal age of 35 to 49 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 3.1; p<0.01), inadequate antenatal care (ANC) (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.8; p<0.01), illiteracy (aOR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.7; p<0.001), delayed conception (aOR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4 to 2.5; p<0.001), low body mass index (aOR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.1; p<0.001) and being in the poorest socioeconomic stratum (aOR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.8; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that delayed conception, advanced maternal age, and inadequate ANC visits had independent effects on the prevalence of LBW. Strategies should be implemented based on these findings with the goal of developing policy options for improving the overall maternal health status in developing countries.
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91% of LBW infants are born in low- and middle-income countries and the majority are moderately LBW (1500-<2500g).
“Although 91% of LBW infants are born in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and the majority are moderately LBW (MLBW) (1500-<2500g) [4–6]; research is predominantly from high-income countries and focuses on very LBW (<1500g) or preterm infants [7].”
From Facility-based care for moderately low birthweight infants in India, Malawi, and Tanzania (2023) · cites this paper as [6]
The Introduction says that 96.5% of LBW infants are born in developing countries, supporting the broad geographic point but not the claimed 91% figure for low- and middle-income countries. The Results > Population Characteristics section gives an average LBW birth weight of 2179 g, but does not establish that a majority fall in the 1500–<2500 g category. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Mahumud, R. A., Sultana, M., & Sarker, A. R.
- Affiliations
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (BD)
- Corresponding author
- Mahumud, Rashidul Alam
- Venue
- Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
- Published
- 2017-01-31
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18-28
- ISSN
- 1975-8375 (ISSN-L)
- 2233-4521
- PMC
- PMC5327679
- OpenAlex
- W2563153563
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 21.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete
- Department for International Development
- Global Affairs Canada
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Keywords
- low birth weight, determinants of low birth weight, maternal age, advanced maternal age, prenatal care, maternal illiteracy, delayed conception, maternal body mass index, socioeconomic status, maternal health, infant health, developing countries
- MeSH terms
- Literacy, Adolescent, Adult, Developing Countries, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal Age, Prenatal Care, Socioeconomic Factors, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Young Adult
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