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Cited by 168Plant Pathogens and Fungal DiseasesFungal Plant Pathogen ControlPlant Disease Resistance and Genetics

The biology of Colletotrichum acutatum

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Wharton, Phillip S., Diéguez-Uribeondo, Javier·2004·Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid
DOI 10.3989/ajbm.2004.v61.i1.61
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Abstract

Colletotrichum acutatum is major pathogen of fruit crops, causing economically important losses of temperate, subtropical and tropical fruits worldwide. However, few studies have been carried out on key aspects of its biology. This is mainly because traditionally isolates of C. acutatum were often wrongly identified as C. gloeosporioides. Effective separation of the two species was not possible until the introduction of molecular tools for taxonomy. The life cycle of C. acutatum comprises a sexual and an asexual stage and much remains to be resolved regarding the genetics of sexuality and the effects of the sexual stage on population structure. Colletotrichum acutatum exhibits both infection strategies described for Colletotrichum species, i.e. intracellular hemibiotrophy and subcuticular-intramural necrotrophy, and may also undergo a period of quiescence in order to overcome resistance mechanisms in immature fruit such as pre-formed toxic compounds and phytoalexins, or due to the unsuitability of unripe fruit to fulfill the nutritional and energy requirements of the pathogen. Colletotrichum acutatum may overwinter as mycelium and/or appressoria in or on different parts of the host. Conidia are water-born and spread by rain episodes so infections are usually highest during the wettest periods of the growing season. Current management strategies for this fungus comprise the exploitation of cultivar resistance, cultural, chemical, and biological control methods, and preventive strategies such as disease-forecasting models. This review focuses on the current knowledge of biological aspects of C. acutatum and related Colletotrichum species and includes a discussion of the progress towards their control.

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  • The host-pathogen interaction of C. acutatum appears to be more biotrophic than that of C. gloeosporioides.

    “For example, the host-pathogen interaction of C. acutatum appears to be more biotrophic than that of some other species such as C. gloeosporioides (Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004).”

    From Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species (2008) · cites this paper as Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004

    The ‘Microscopical events in the Host-Pathogen Interaction’ section reports a biotrophic phase for C. acutatum on some hosts, but no detectable biotrophic stage on strawberry stolons and leaves. The copy does not compare its degree of biotrophy with C. gloeosporioides, so the comparative claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Effective control of Colletotrichum diseases usually involves the use of a combination of cultural control, biological control, chemical control and intrinsic resistance.

    “Effective control of Colletotrichum diseases usually involves the use of a combination of cultural control, biological control, chemical control and intrinsic resistance (Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004).”

    From Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species (2008) · cites this paper as Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004

    The Fungal control section lists resistant cultivars, cultural control, chemical control, and biological control as options for Colletotrichum diseases. It says control usually uses “one or a combination” of them, not that it usually combines all four as the citing sentence implies. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Colletotrichum species adopt either intracellular hemibiotrophy or subcuticular, intramural necrotrophy.

    “Colletotrichum species adopt either intracellular hemibiotrophy or subcuticular, intramural necrotrophy (Wharton & Diéguez-Uribeondo 2004, Münch et al. 2008, O'Connell et al. 2012, de Silva et al. 2017).”

    From Colletotrichum: lifestyles, biology, morpho-species, species complexes and accepted species (2021) · cites this paper as Wharton & Diéguez-Uribeondo 2004

  • As the sexual stages of C. acutatum have never been found in nature, the asexual reproduction mode of C. acutatum is likely to play an important role in its population structure.

    “As the sexual stages of C. acutatum have never been found in nature (Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004), the asexual reproduction mode of C. acutatum is likely to be an important role in its population structure.”

    From Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species (2008) · cites this paper as Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004

  • Bacillus subtilis and Candida oleophila have been tested for efficacy against C. acutatum.

    “Other biological control agents that have been tested for efficacy against C. acutatum include Bacillus subtilis and Candida oleophila (Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004).”

    From Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species (2008) · cites this paper as Wharton and Diéguez-Uribeondo, 2004

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Authors
Wharton, P. S., & Diéguez-Uribeondo, J.
Affiliations
Michigan State University (US)
ORCID
Wharton, Phillip S.
Venue
Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid
Publisher
Editorial CSIC
Published
2004-06-30
Volume
61
Issue
1
Pages
3-22
ISSN
  • 0211-1322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1988-3196
DOI
10.3989/ajbm.2004.v61.i1.61
OpenAlex
W1541277767
Cited by
168
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 17
FWCI
1.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Michigan State University
  • Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (REN2002-04068-C02-01GLO)
  • College of Engineering, Michigan State University
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
Keywords
Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, plant pathogenic fungi, fruit rot, necrotrophy, quiescence, overwintering, conidial dispersal, phytoalexins, cultivar resistance, disease management, biological control, disease prediction

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