Determination of functional compounds in blue shark (Prionace glauca) liver oil obtained by green technology
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The objectives of this research were to obtain blue shark liver oil using supercritical CO2 and to characterize the physicochemical parameters of the oil, and the contents of squalene and vitamin A. Supercritical extractions were performed at 50 and 60 °C and pressures from 100 to 300 bar. The oil yield obtained was up to 60% and presented a profile equivalent to that of refined oils for density (0.920 – 0.922 g/mL); viscosity (52.55 – 56.47 Pas.s); refractive index (1.4760 – 1.4785); acid value (1.13 – 2.22% oleic acid); peroxides (10.47 – 24.04 meq of active O2 /kg of oil); saponification value (171.37 – 556.03 mg KOH/g oil), and iodine value (120.05 – 149.21g I2 /100g oil). The fatty acid profile indicated a majority of unsaturated fatty acids. High levels of squalene and vitamin A corroborate the high nutritional quality of this oil from an underexploited by-product with great processing potential.
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Squalene is present in high quantities in deep-sea sharks and accounts for 40-70% of shark liver oil and about 50% of global production.
“Squalene is present in high quantities in deep-sea sharks and accounts for 40-70% of shark liver oil and about 50% of global production [62].”
From Key Targets for Improving Algal Biofuel Production (2021) · cites this paper as [62]
Section 3.3 says deep-sea sharks use high concentrations of squalene in their livers and reports substantial amounts in the oils of some shark species. It also stresses that concentrations vary widely; it does not give a 40–70% range or say shark liver oil accounts for about 50% of global squalene production. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Key Targets for Improving Algal Biofuel Production
Griffiths, G., Hossain, A. K., Sharma, V., & Duraisamy, G. (2021) · Clean Technologies · doi:10.3390/cleantechnol3040043 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
- Authors
- Santos, D. N., Silva, F. S., Verde, A. B., Bittencourt, G. M., & De Oliveira, A. L.
- Affiliations
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Venue
- Grasas y Aceites
- Publisher
- Editorial CSIC
- Published
- 2020-06-30
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e354
- ISSN
- 0017-3495 (ISSN-L)
- 1988-4214
- OpenAlex
- W3027800265
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Grasas y Aceites (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food and Agricultural Sciences
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
- Keywords
- Prionace glauca, shark liver oil, supercritical CO2 extraction, squalene, vitamin A, fatty acid composition, physicochemical properties, fish by-products, nutritional value, green extraction
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