The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Proteasomal Degradation of Herpes Simplex Virus Capsids in Macrophages Releases DNA to the Cytosol for Recognition by DNA Sensors
Open accessAbstract
The innate immune system is important for control of infections, including herpesvirus infections. Intracellular DNA potently stimulates antiviral IFN responses. It is known that plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense herpesvirus DNA in endosomes via TLR9 and that nonimmune tissue cells can sense herpesvirus DNA in the nucleus. However, it remains unknown how and where myeloid cells, such as macrophages and conventional dendritic cells, detect infections with herpesviruses. In this study, we demonstrate that the HSV-1 capsid was ubiquitinated in the cytosol and degraded by the proteasome, hence releasing genomic DNA into the cytoplasm for detection by DNA sensors. In this context, the DNA sensor IFN-γ–inducible 16 is important for induction of IFN-β in human macrophages postinfection with HSV-1 and CMV. Viral DNA localized to the same cytoplasmic regions as did IFN-γ–inducible 16, with DNA sensing being independent of viral nuclear entry. Thus, proteasomal degradation of herpesvirus capsids releases DNA to the cytoplasm for recognition by DNA sensors.
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Citations
Cites
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
Hemmi, H., Takeuchi, O., Kawai, T., Kaisho, T., Sato, S., Sanjo, H., Matsumoto, M., Hoshino, K., Wagner, H., Takeda, K., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35047123 · Cited by 6,491 · cited 1×
“DNA represents a potent PAMP stimulating IFN responses in many cell types (12-14).”
BackgroundSTING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling
Ishikawa, H., & Barber, G. N. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07317 · Cited by 3,576
STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity
Ishikawa, H., Ma, Z., & Barber, G. N. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08476 · Cited by 2,759 · cited 4×
“Upon DNA sensing, STING relocalizes to as-yet-uncharacterized cytoplasmic foci, which are believed to serve as assembly platforms for signaling (28).”
BackgroundInfluentialImai, Y., Kuba, K., Neely, G. G., Yaghubian-Malhami, R., Perkmann, T., van Loo, G., Ermolaeva, M., Veldhuizen, R., Leung, Y. H. C., Wang, H., et al. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.02.043 · Cited by 1,356
The AIM2 inflammasome is essential for host defense against cytosolic bacteria and DNA viruses
Rathinam, V. A. K., Jiang, Z., Waggoner, S. N., Sharma, S., Cole, L. E., Waggoner, L., Vanaja, S. K., Monks, B. G., Ganesan, S., Latz, E., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1864 · Cited by 1,331
Self-citationGalectin 8 targets damaged vesicles for autophagy to defend cells against bacterial invasion
Thurston, T. L. M., Wandel, M. P., von Muhlinen, N., Foeglein, Á., & Randow, F. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10744 · Cited by 1,034
TRIM5 is an innate immune sensor for the retrovirus capsid lattice
Pertel, T., Hausmann, S., Morger, D., Züger, S., Guerra, J., Lascano, J., Reinhard, C., Santoni, F. A., Uchil, P. D., Chatel, L., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09976 · Cited by 645
Orzalli, M. H., DeLuca, N. A., & Knipe, D. M. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1211302109 · Cited by 422
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Cited by
Paludan, S. R., & Bowie, A. G. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.05.004 · Cited by 759
Self-citationSensing of HSV-1 by the cGAS-STING pathway in microglia orchestrates antiviral defence in the CNS
Reinert, L. S., Lopušná, K., Winther, H., Sun, C., Thomsen, M. K., Nandakumar, R., Mogensen, T. H., Meyer, M., Vægter, C., Nyengaard, J. R., et al. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms13348 · Cited by 397
Self-citationMan, S. M., Karki, R., & Kanneganti, T. (2016) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201545839 · Cited by 354
IFI16 senses DNA forms of the lentiviral replication cycle and controls HIV-1 replication
Jakobsen, M. R., Bak, R. O., Andersen, A., Berg, R. K., Jensen, S. B., Jin, T., Laustsen, A., Hansen, K., Østergaard, L., Fitzgerald, K. A., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1311669110 · Cited by 344
Self-citationHerpes Simplex Virus-1 in the Brain: The Dark Side of a Sneaky Infection
Marcocci, M. E., Napoletani, G., Protto, V., Kolesova, O., Piacentini, R., Li Puma, D. D., Lomonte, P., Grassi, C., Palamara, A. T., & De Chiara, G. (2020) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2020.03.003 · Cited by 303
Metadata
- Authors
- Horan, K. A., Hansen, K., Jakobsen, M. R., Holm, C. K., Søby, S., Unterholzner, L., Thompson, M., West, J. A., Iversen, M. B., Rasmussen, S. B., Ellermann-Eriksen, S., Kurt-Jones, E., Landolfo, S., Damania, B., Melchjorsen, J., Bowie, A. G., Fitzgerald, K. A., & Paludan, S. R.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-03-01
- Volume
- 190
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2311-2319
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W2148824237
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 11.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Proteasomal Degradation of Herpes Simplex Virus Capsids in Macrophages Releases DNA to the Cytosol for Recognition by DNA Sensors. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.1202749
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- Horan, K. A., Hansen, K., Jakobsen, M. R., Holm, C. K., Søby, S., Unterholzner, L., Thompson, M., West, J. A., Iversen, M. B., Rasmussen, S. B., Ellermann-Eriksen, S., Kurt-Jones, E., Landolfo, S., Damania, B., Melchjorsen, J., Bowie, A. G., Fitzgerald, K. A., & Paludan, S. R. (2013). Proteasomal Degradation of Herpes Simplex Virus Capsids in Macrophages Releases DNA to the Cytosol for Recognition by DNA Sensors. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1202749
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
