Minimal Sequence Requirements for Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Activating Human TLR9

CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation

Krieg, A. M., Yi, A.-K., Matson, S., Waldschmidt, T. J., Bishop, G. A., Teasdale, R., Koretzky, G. A., & Klinman, D. M. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/374546a0 · Cited by 3,508 · see citing works

CpG Motifs in Bacterial DNA and Their Immune Effects

Krieg, A. Μ. (2002) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.100301.064842 · Cited by 2,570 · see citing works

IRF-7 is the master regulator of type-I interferon-dependent immune responses

Honda, K., Yanai, H., Negishi, H., Asagiri, M., Sato, M., Mizutani, T., Shimada, N., Ohba, Y., Takaoka, A., Yoshida, N., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03464 · Cited by 2,229 · see citing works

Quantitative Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 1–10 mRNA in Cellular Subsets of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Sensitivity to CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides

Hornung, V., Rothenfußer, S., Britsch, S., Krug, A., Jahrsdörfer, B., Giese, T., Endres, S., & Hartmann, G. (2002) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.9.4531 · Cited by 1,927 · see citing works

CpG motifs present in bacteria DNA rapidly induce lymphocytes to secrete interleukin 6, interleukin 12, and interferon gamma.

Klinman, D. M., Yi, A., Beaucage, S. L., Conover, J., & KRIEG, A. M. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.7.2879 · Cited by 1,459 · see citing works

Therapeutic potential of Toll-like receptor 9 activation

Krieg, A. Μ. (2006) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2059 · Cited by 1,244 · see citing works

Structure and Function of Toll Receptors and Their Ligands

Gay, N. J., & Gangloff, M. (2007) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.76.060305.151318 · Cited by 666 · see citing works

CpG DNA: A potent signal for growth, activation, and maturation of human dendritic cells

Hartmann, G., Weiner, G. J., & KRIEG, A. M. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.16.9305 · Cited by 617 · see citing works

Mechanism and Function of a Newly Identified CpG DNA Motif in Human Primary B Cells

Hartmann, G., & Krieg, A. M. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.2.944 · Cited by 605 · see citing works

Characterization of three CpG oligodeoxynucleotide classes with distinct immunostimulatory activities

Vollmer, J., Weeratna, R. D., Payette, P., Jurk, M., Schetter, C., Laucht, M., Wader, T., Tluk, S., Liu, M., Davis, H. L., et al. (2003) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200324032 · Cited by 592 · see citing works

Delineation of a CpG Phosphorothioate Oligodeoxynucleotide for Activating Primate Immune Responses In Vitro and In Vivo

Hartmann, G., Weeratna, R. D., Ballas, Z. K., Payette, P., Blackwell, S. E., Suparto, I. H., Rasmussen, W. L., Waldschmidt, M., Sajuthi, D., Purcell, R. H., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.3.1617 · Cited by 583 · see citing works

Toll‐like receptor 9 binds single‐stranded CpG‐DNA in a sequence‐ and pH‐dependent manner

Rutz, M., Metzger, J., Gellert, T., Luppa, P. B., Lipford, G. B., Wagner, H., & Bauer, S. (2004) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200425218 · Cited by 499 · see citing works

Ligand-induced conformational changes allosterically activate Toll-like receptor 9

Latz, E., Verma, A., Visintin, A., Gong, M., Sirois, C. M., Klein, D. C. G., Monks, B. G., McKnight, C. J., Lamphier, M. S., Duprex, W. P., et al. (2007) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1479 · Cited by 462 · see citing works

Properties regulating the nature of the plasmacytoid dendritic cell response to Toll-like receptor 9 activation

Guiducci, C., Ott, G. S., Chan, J. H., Damon, E., Calacsan, C., Matray, T. J., Lee, K., Coffman, R. L., & Barrat, F. J. (2006) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20060401 · Cited by 391 · see citing works

The DNA Sugar Backbone 2′ Deoxyribose Determines Toll-like Receptor 9 Activation

Haas, T. L., Metzger, J., Schmitz, F., Heit, A., Müller, T. R., Latz, E., & Wagner, H. (2008) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.01.013 · Cited by 298 · see citing works

Rational design of new CpG oligonucleotides that combine B cell activation with high IFN‐α induction in plasmacytoid dendritic cells

Hartmann, G., Battiany, J., Poeck, H., Wagner, M., Kerkmann, M., Lübenow, N., Rothenfußer, S., & Endres, S. (2003) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200323813 · Cited by 296 · see citing works

Identification of a novel CpG DNA class and motif that optimally stimulate B cell and plasmacytoid dendritic cell functions

Marshall, J. D., Fearon, K. L., Abbate, C., Subramanian, S., Yee, P., Gregorio, J. D., Coffman, R. L., & Nest, G. V. (2003) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.1202630 · Cited by 259 · see citing works

CpG Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Rescue Mature Spleen B Cells from Spontaneous Apoptosis and Promote Cell Cycle Entry

Yi, A., Chang, M., Peckham, D. W., Krieg, A. Μ., & Ashman, R. F. (1998) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.160.12.5898 · Cited by 239 · see citing works

CpG Motif Identification for Veterinary and Laboratory Species Demonstrates That Sequence Recognition Is Highly Conserved

Rankin, R., Pontarollo, R. A., Ioannou, X. P., Krieg, A. Μ., Hecker, R., Babiuk, L. A., & den Hurk, S. V. D. L. (2001) · Antisense and Nucleic Acid Drug Development · doi:10.1089/108729001753231713 · Cited by 235 · see citing works

Differential and competitive activation of human immune cells by distinct classes of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide

Gürsel, M., Verthelyi, D. I., Gürsel, İ., Ishii, K. J., & Klinman, D. M. (2002) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.71.5.813 · Cited by 212 · see citing works

Thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of the dissociation and assembly of quadruplex nucleic acids

Hardin, C. C., Perry, A. G., & White, K. (2000) · Biopolymers · doi:10.1002/1097-0282(2000/2001)56:3 · Cited by 202 · see citing works

Structure-dependent immunostimulatory effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and their delivery system

Hanagata, N. (2012) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s30197 · Cited by 199 · see citing works

Spontaneous Formation of Nucleic Acid-based Nanoparticles Is Responsible for High Interferon-α Induction by CpG-A in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells

Kerkmann, M., Costa, L. T., Richter, C. E., Rothenfußer, S., Battiany, J., Hornung, V., Johnson, J. P., Englert, S., Ketterer, T., Heckl, W. M., et al. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m410868200 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

DEC-205 is a cell surface receptor for CpG oligonucleotides

Lahoud, M. H., Ahmet, F., Zhang, J., Meuter, S., Policheni, A. N., Kitsoulis, S., Lee, C., O’Keeffe, M. A., Sullivan, L. C., Brööks, A. G., et al. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1208796109 · Cited by 172 · see citing works

Synthetic agonists of Toll-like receptors 7, 8 and 9

Agrawal, S., & Kandimalla, E. R. (2007) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst0351461 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Phosphodiester CpG oligonucleotides as adjuvants: polyguanosine runs enhance cellular uptake and improve immunostimulative activity of phosphodiester CpG oligonucleotides in vitro and in vivo

Dalpke, A. H., Zimmermann, S., Albrecht, I., & Heeg, K. M. (2002) · Immunology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01410.x · Cited by 120 · see citing works

Natural killer cells expressing the KIR2DS1-activating receptor efficiently kill T-cell blasts and dendritic cells: implications in haploidentical HSCT

Sivori, S., Carlomagno, S., Falco, M., Romeo, E., Moretta, L., & Moretta, A. (2011) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2010-10-316125 · Cited by 111 · see citing works

A Novel Class of Immune-Stimulatory CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Unifies High Potency in Type I Interferon Induction with Preferred Structural Properties

Samulowitz, U., Weber, M., Weeratna, R. D., Uhlmann, E., Noll, B. O., Krieg, A. Μ., & Vollmer, J. (2010) · Oligonucleotides · doi:10.1089/oli.2009.0210 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

C-Class CpG ODN: sequence requirements and characterization of immunostimulatory activities on mRNA level

Jurk, M., Schulte, B., Kritzler, A., Noll, B. O., Uhlmann, E., Wader, T., Schetter, C., Krieg, A. Μ., & Vollmer, J. (2004) · Immunobiology · doi:10.1016/j.imbio.2004.02.006 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Nuclease-resistant immunostimulatory phosphodiester CpG oligodeoxynucleotides as human Toll-like receptor 9 agonists

Meng, W., Yamazaki, T., Nishida, Y., & Hanagata, N. (2011) · BMC Biotechnology · doi:10.1186/1472-6750-11-88 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Binding Mode of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides to Nanoparticles Regulates Bifurcated Cytokine induction via Toll-like Receptor 9

Chinnathambi, S., Chen, S., Ganesan, S., & Hanagata, N. (2012) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep00534 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

Mannose Receptor 1 Mediates Cellular Uptake and Endosomal Delivery of CpG-Motif Containing Oligodeoxynucleotides

Moseman, A. P., Moseman, E. A., Schworer, S. A., Smirnova, I., Volkova, T. O., von Andrian, U. H., & Poltorak, A. N. (2013) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1301438 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides stimulate IFN-γ-inducible protein-10 production in human B cells

Vollmer, J., Jurk, M., Samulowitz, U., Lipford, G. B., Forsbach, A., Wüllner, M., Tluk, S., Hartmann, H., Kritzler, A., Müller, C., et al. (2004) · Journal of Endotoxin Research · doi:10.1179/096805104225006534 · Cited by 52 · see citing works

A Novel Function of Phosphorothioate Oligodeoxynucleotides as Chemoattractants for Primary Macrophages

Baek, K. H., Ha, S., & Sung, Y. C. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.167.5.2847 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

Secondary structures in CpG oligonucleotides affect immunostimulatory activity

Kandimalla, E. R., Bhagat, L., Cong, Y., et al. (2003) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01080-5 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

Optimal oligonucleotide sequences for TLR9 inhibitory activity in human cells: lack of correlation with TLR9 binding

Ashman, R. F., Goeken, J. A., Latz, E., & Lenert, P. S. (2011) · International Immunology · doi:10.1093/intimm/dxq473 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Nucleic Acids Exert a Sequence-independent Cooperative Effect on Sequence-dependent Activation of Toll-like Receptor 9

Kindrachuk, J., Potter, J. E., Brownlie, R. M., Ficzycz, A., Griebel, P. J., Mookherjee, N., Mutwiri, G., Babiuk, L. A., & Napper, S. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m608089200 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Self-stabilized CpG DNAs optimally activate human B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells

Cong, Y., Song, S. S., Bhagat, L., et al. (2003) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.134 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Impact of Secondary Structure of Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonists on Interferon Alpha Induction

Yu, D. S., Putta, M. R., Bhagat, L., et al. (2008) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00701-08 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Hierarchical recognition of CpG motifs expressed by immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides

Klinman, D. M., & Currie, D. (2003) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02216.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Recognition of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides by human Toll-like receptor 9 and subsequent cytokine induction

Suwarti, S., Yamazaki, T., Svetlana, C., et al. (2012) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.12.068 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Synthesis and immunological activities of novel agonists of toll-like receptor 9

Struthers, M. D., Bett, A. J., Wısnıewskı, T., et al. (2010) · Cellular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.03.005 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

New vistas on TLR9 activation

Wagner, H. (2011) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201142056 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Response to CpG ODN Correlates with CXCL16 Expression and Is Inhibited by ox-LDL

Gürsel, M., Klinman, D. M., & Gürsel, İ. (2013) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2013/312590 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Risk mitigation of immunogenicity: a key to personalized retinal gene therapy

Varin, J., Morival, C., Maillard, N., Adjali, O., & Cronin, T. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222312818 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Novel immunostimulatory phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotides with CpT sequences instead of CpG motifs

Kim, D., Jung, J., Lee, Y., & Kwon, H. (2011) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.04.009 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Cutting Edge: Species-Specific TLR9-Mediated Recognition of CpG and Non-CpG Phosphorothioate-Modified Oligonucleotides

Roberts, T. L., Sweet, M. J., Hume, D. A., & Stacey, K. J. (2005) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.174.2.605 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

Phosphodiester backbone of the CpG motif within immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides augments activation of Toll-like receptor 9

Pohar, J., Lainšček, D., Kunšek, A., Cajnko, M. M., Jerala, R., & Benčina, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15178-y · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Poly-guanosine strings improve cellular uptake and stimulatory activity of phosphodiester CpG oligonucleotides in human leukocytes

Bartz, H., MENDOZA, Y., GEBKER, M., et al. (2004) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.05.020 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

Effects of a Hexameric Deoxyriboguanosine Run Conjugation into CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides on Their Immunostimulatory Potentials

Lee, S. W., Song, M., Baek, K. H., Park, Y., Kim, J. K., Lee, C. H., Cheong, H., Cheong, C., & Sung, Y. C. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.7.3631 · Cited by 73 · see citing works