The DOI matches its Crossref record; 68 of the 68 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Alveolar Macrophage Apoptosis Contributes to Pneumococcal Clearance in a Resolving Model of Pulmonary Infection
Open accessAbstract
The role of alveolar macrophages (AM) in host defense against pulmonary infection has been difficult to establish using in vivo models. This may reflect a reliance on models of fulminant infection. To establish a unique model of resolving infection, with which to address the function of AM, C57BL/6 mice received low-dose intratracheal administration of pneumococci. Administration of low doses of pneumococci produced a resolving model of pulmonary infection characterized by clearance of bacteria without features of pneumonia. AM depletion in this model significantly increased bacterial outgrowth in the lung. Interestingly, a significant increase in the number of apoptotic AM was noted with the low-dose infection as compared with mock infection. Caspase inhibition in this model decreased AM apoptosis and increased the number of bacteremic mice, indicating a novel role for caspase activation in pulmonary innate defense against pneumococci. These results suggest that AM play a key role in clearance of bacteria from the lung during subclinical infection and that induction of AM apoptosis contributes to the microbiologic host defense against pneumococci.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Among host innate immune players, resident alveolar macrophages (AMs) are considered to be the most important first line of defense against respiratory pneumococcal infections (13), through their high phagocytic capacity (14–16).”
From Depletion of alveolar macrophages during influenza infection facilitates bacterial superinfections (2013) · cites this paper as [15]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
M-1/M-2 Macrophages and the Th1/Th2 Paradigm
Mills, C. D., Kincaid, K., Alt, J. M., Heilman, M. J., & Hill, A. M. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.12.6166 · Cited by 3,287
van Rooijen, N., & Sanders, A. (1994) · Journal of Immunological Methods · doi:10.1016/0022-1759(94)90012-4 · Cited by 1,763
Shigella flexneri induces apoptosis in infected macrophages
Zychlinsky, A., Prévost, M., & Sansonetti, P. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/358167a0 · Cited by 1,259
Caspase-1 processes IFN-γ-inducing factor and regulates LPS-induced IFN- γ production
Ghayur, T., Banerjee, S., Hugunin, M., Butler, D., Herzog, L., Carter, A. B., Quintal, L. J., Sekut, L., Talanian, R. V., Paskind, M. P., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386619a0 · Cited by 1,204
Molecular Cloning of the Interleukin-1β Converting Enzyme
Cerretti, D. P., Kozlosky, C. J., Mosley, B., Nelson, N. C., Ness, K. V., Greenstreet, T. A., March, C. J., Kronheim, S. R., Druck, T., Cannizzaro, L. A., et al. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1373520 · Cited by 1,147
Phagocytosis of Microbes: Complexity in Action
Underhill, D. M., & Ozinsky, A. (2002) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.103001.114744 · Cited by 1,124
The Salmonella invasin SipB induces macrophage apoptosis by binding to caspase-1
Hersh, D., Monack, D. M., Smith, M. R., Ghori, N., Falkow, S., & Zychlinsky, A. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.2396 · Cited by 788
Caspase inhibitors improve survival in sepsis: a critical role of the lymphocyte
Hotchkiss, R. S., Chang, K., Swanson, P. E., Tinsley, K. W., Hui, J. J., Klender, P. M., Xanthoudakis, S., Roy, S., Black, C. A., Grimm, E. L., et al. (2000) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/82741 · Cited by 523
Granulocyte Apoptosis and Its Role in the Resolution and Control of Lung Inflammation
Haslett, C. (1999) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.supplement_1.4 · Cited by 517
Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes human alveolar macrophage apoptosis
Keane, J., Balcewicz-Sablinska, M. K., Remold, H. G., Chupp, G. L., Meek, B., Fenton, M. J., & Kornfeld, H. (1997) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.65.1.298-304.1997 · Cited by 512
Research works printed but not linked: 67
- 1998, Lancet, 1295
- 1995, Clin. Infect. Dis., S204
- 2001, Am. J. Med., 60S
- 2000, Clin. Infect. Dis., 1066
- 1995, N. Engl. J. Med., 1280
- 1991, Rev. Infect. Dis., S509
- 1985, J. Infect. Dis., 4
- 1996, J. Immunol., 3097
- 2002, Annu. Rev. Immunol., 825
- 1980, J. Infect. Dis., 175
- 2000, Infect. Immun., 2286
- 2002, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 16969
- 2001, J. Infect. Dis., 713
- 1997, J. Clin. Invest., 493
- 1992, Nature, 167
- 1999, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2396
- 1997, J. Immunol., 1352
- 1997, Immunity, 433
- 1997, Infect. Immun., 298
- 1998, J. Immunol., 4220
- 1998, J. Immunol., 2636
- 1998, J. Immunol., 5448
- 1995, J. Clin. Invest., 142
- 2000, Infect. Immun., 492
- 2002, J. Immunol., 3507
- 2002, J. Immunol., 1813
- 2000, J. Infect. Dis., 1255
- 2001, J. Infect. Dis., 292
- 2001, Infect. Immun., 426
- 2002, Infect. Immun., 1547
- 1995, J. Infect. Dis., 119
- 2001, J. Immunol., 3484
- 1994, J. Immunol. Methods, 83
- 2001, J. Immunol., 4604
- 1999, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 14541
- 1999, J. Immunol., 415
- 2001, Am. J. Physiol., L58
- 2002, J. Immunol., 6401
- 1998, J. Clin. Invest., 2394
- 1996, Immunology, 488
- 1995, FEBS Lett., 303
- 2000, Am. J. Physiol., L143
- 1997, Infect. Immun., 2975
- 2000, Infect. Immun., 4585
- 2003, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 171
- 1998, Infect. Immun., 3164
- 1997, Infect. Immun., 1139
- 2000, J. Immunol., 6166
- 1999, Nat. Med., 298
- 2002, J. Clin. Invest., 19
- 2002, Infect. Immun., 5019
- 2000, Clin. Exp. Immunol., 61
- 1996, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., S187
- 2000, Chest, 1771
- 1919, J. Exp. Med., 379
- 1918, JAMA, 704
- 1999, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., S5
- 1993, J. Immunol., 5124
- 1999, J. Exp. Med., 1679
- 1999, J. Immunol., 1
- 2000, Nat. Immunol., 496
- 2000, Science, 527
- 2003, Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 188
- 1992, Science, 97
- 1997, Nature, 619
- 2001, J. Immunol., 5240
- 2002, J. Immunol., 372
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia
van der Poll, T., & Opal, S. M. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61114-4 · Cited by 743
Sun, K., & Metzger, D. W. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1765 · Cited by 587
Diverse macrophage populations mediate acute lung inflammation and resolution
Aggarwal, N. R., King, L. S., & D’Alessio, F. R. (2014) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00341.2013 · Cited by 595
Type I IFNs mediate development of postinfluenza bacterial pneumonia in mice
Shahangian, A., Chow, E. K., Tian, X., Kang, J. R., Ghaffari, A., Liu, S. Y., Belperio, J. A., Cheng, G., & Deng, J. C. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci35412 · Cited by 479
Depletion of alveolar macrophages during influenza infection facilitates bacterial superinfections
Ghoneim, H. E., Thomas, P. G., & McCullers, J. A. (2013) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1300014 · Cited by 394
Metadata
- Authors
- Dockrell, D. H., Marriott, H. M., Prince, L. R., Ridger, V. C., Ince, P. G., Hellewell, P. G., & Whyte, M. K. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 171
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 5380-5388
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W1781589933
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 5.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- alveolar macrophages, macrophage apoptosis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, asymptomatic infection, caspase activation, bacteremia, pulmonary innate immunity, host defense
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones, Animals, Cell Count, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Female, Immunity, Innate, Injections, Intraperitoneal, Intubation, Intratracheal, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors, Up-Regulation, Bacteremia, Macrophages, Alveolar, Apoptosis, Mice, Caspase Inhibitors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
