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The impact of COVID-19 related lockdown on ophthalmology training programs in India – Outcomes of a survey.
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: In 2020, in response to the emergence and global spread of the disease COVID-19, caused by a new variant of coronavirus 2019-nCoV, the government of India ordered a nationwide lockdown for 21 days, which was then extended to a total of over 50 days. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the lockdown on ophthalmic training programs across India. Methods: An online survey was sent across to trainee ophthalmologists across India through various social media platforms. Results: In all, 716 trainees responded; the average age was 29.1 years. Results showed that majority of the respondents were enrolled in residency programs (95.6%; 685/716) and the others were in fellowship programs. About 24.6% (176/716) of the trainees had been deployed on 'COVID-19 screening' duties. Nearly 80.7% (578/716) of the trainees felt that the COVID-19 lockdown had negatively impacted their surgical training. Furthermore, 54.8% (392/716) of the trainees perceived an increase in stress levels during the COVID-19 lockdown and 77.4% (554/716) reported that their family members had expressed an increased concern for their safety and wellbeing since the lockdown began. In all, 75.7% (542/716) of the respondents felt that online classes and webinars were useful during the lockdown period. Conclusion: Our survey showed that majority ophthalmology trainees across the country felt that the COVID-19 lockdown adversely affected their learning, especially surgical training. While most found online classes and webinars useful, the trainees' perceived stress levels were higher than normal during the lockdown. Training hospitals should take cognizance of this and reassure trainees; formulate guidelines to augment training to compensate for the lost time as well as mitigate the stress levels upon resumption of regular hospital services and training. Going ahead, permanent changes such as virtual classrooms and simulation-based training should be considered.
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“Researchers in India have reported an increase in anxiety and depression among Indians, owing to the pandemic (Goyal et al., 2020; Kumar and Nayar, 2020; Mishra et al., 2020; Rehman et al., 2020; Verma and Mishra, 2020).”
From Knowledge of COVID-19 and Its Influence on Mindfulness, Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Psychological Flexibility in the Indian Community (2020) · cites this paper as Mishra et al., 2020
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Items 101–171 of 171
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“[7] In the UK, 80% of ophthalmology residents did not reach the expected cut‑off value of 350 procedures of phacoemulsification by the end of training.”
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“When they resumed surgery, they had to contend with anxiety, tension, and a drop in technical training [ 14 ].”
BackgroundOrganising a Web-Based Conference
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THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN ON TRAINING ON OPHTHALMOLOGY TRAINEES IN EGYPT
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“Most trainees are planning to get benefit from the lockdown to overcome its effects either by seminars, self-study, simulators or online courses [8,9].”
BackgroundMethodA questionnaire-based assessment of Safe Eye Examination (SEE) technique
Mishra, D. K. C., Shanmugam, M. P., Chaitanya, E. V., Murali, K., Ramanjulu, R., Kulkarni, M., & Nair, S. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_3316_20 · Cited by 1
A novel eyeball simulator for training postgraduate students during pandemic times
Venugopal, A., & Ravindran, M. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_2013_21 · Cited by 1
“[1] Unfortunately, the postgraduate trainees and those doing fellowship programs in cataract and cornea surgeries were more affected due to a shortage of training eyeballs.[2-5] Mishra et al.”
BackgroundA simple do-it-yourself model of phacoemulsification for resident training
Saluja, G., Sujeeth, M., Bhaskaran, K., & Pujari, A. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_3580_20 · Cited by 1
“[2] However, with the rampant Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in action, the routine surgical procedures have come to a standstill, and more importantly, resident practical training has been severely compromised.[3] Hence, to circumvent these limitations, herein, we describe a simple and cost-effective ‘Do It…”
BackgroundImpact of COVID-19: Identifying the Barriers in Ophthalmology Training
Kaushik, J., Riyaz, E., Parihar, J. K. S., Chaitanya, Y. V. K., Singh, A., & Shetty, R. (2021) · doi:10.33582/ophthalmology/1015 · Cited by 1
“Exposure to surgical practice was greatly reduced over the past year raising concerns regarding a significant loss of operative experience by the residents [13], particularly in a speciality like Ophthalmology which requires microsurgical training.”
BackgroundAlneklawi, M. F. M. (2022) · Al-Azhar International Medical Journal /Al-Azhar International Medical Journal · doi:10.21608/aimj.2022.98795.1588 · Cited by 1
“Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown had negatively impacted the methods of face to face learning and practical on-patient methods of students' assessment.(14) COVID-19 forced a transformation from traditional face-to-face learning to electronic learning,(15) and that this transformation will bring long-lasti…”
MethodRíos, A. A. L., Cotes, E. A. J., Giraldo-Ramírez, N., & Gómez, A. (2022) · IATREIA · doi:10.17533/udea.iatreia.164 · Cited by 1
“El impacto en el entrenamiento clínico-quirúrgico de los residentes a nivel mundial ha sido percibido como deficiente, en concordancia con el estudio realizado por Mishra (20), donde el 80,7 % percibió de manera negativa el proceso de forma-ción, y 62,4 % reportó una reducción mayor al 50 % del entrenamiento quirúrgic…”
How to minimize the impact of COVID ‐19 on laparoendoscopic single‐site surgery training?
Xu, J., Zhou, Z., Chen, K., Ding, Y., Hua, Y., Ren, M., & Shen, Y. (2022) · ANZ Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1111/ans.17819 · Cited by 1
“With the global COVID-19 healthcare crisis at hand, the duration and magnitude of which are still unknown, the training programme is in a period of flux, and most of the trainees felt that the lockdown adversely affected their learning progress.(15) Thus, an optimized training programme is Table 3 Box-trainer task per…”
BackgroundImpact of COVID 19 on dermatology education
DAS, S. K., Singh, S., & Agarwal, K. (2022) · Indian Dermatology Online Journal · doi:10.4103/idoj.idoj_562_21 · Cited by 1
“,[8] among ophthalmology trainees concluded that lockdown adversely affected their surgical training.”
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Mahalingam, K., & Saxena, R. (2022) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_1049_22 · Cited by 1
“Most of the studies reported that one‐third to half of the ophthalmology trainees were dealing with depression with a significant increase in anxiety, stress, and insomnia during this pandemic.[2,5] The increased level of anxiety during the COVID‐19 pandemic among ophthalmologists was also attributed to fear of transm…”
BackgroundMahalingam, K., Sharma, N., Ganesh, R., Panigrahi, A., Patil, V., & Saxena, R. (2023) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_1776_23 · Cited by 1
“[2] Nationwide lockdowns were imposed in many countries including India to prevent the spread of infection.[3] Few studies have evaluated the short‐duration (<2 months) impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on ophthalmologists.”
BackgroundOne year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Assessing our priorities
Nair, A. G. (2021) · Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.18231/j.ijceo.2021.002
Ravichnadran, S., Venkatesh, R., & Sulaiman, S. M. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_3718_20
“Nevertheless, it has also impacted residential training in ophthalmology since the number of outpatient department visits, inpatient admissions, number of camps, and surgeries have drastically gone down.[1] Being a well‐known fact that precision of ophthalmic microsurgical practice improves with numbers performed, var…”
BackgroundMurali, K., Ratakonda, G., & Fulari, G. (2021) · Acta Scientific Ophthalmology · doi:10.31080/asop.2021.04.0316
Changes in ophthalmological practice during the COVID-19 lockdown period
Gad, E. A., Soliman, S., & Wasfy, T. (2021) · Delta Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/djo.djo_61_20
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Warad, C., Tenagi, A. L., Wakankar, A., Satarasi, P., Harakuni, U., Bubanale, S. C., S, S. K., & K, B. B. (2021) · Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare · doi:10.18410/jebmh/2021/337
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“Among the many aspects, medical training has taken a serious hit because of the pandemic.[1] Of all medical specialties, patients seeking ophthalmic care were the fewest during the pandemic.”
BackgroundCommentary: A questionnaire-based assessment of Safe Eye Examination (SEE) technique
Bhagat, P. R. (2021) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_615_21
“In an online survey conducted by Mishra et al.[4] to assess the effect of lockdown on ophthalmic training programs of India, it was found that the COVID-19 lockdown had adversely affected the learning of a majority of ophthalmology trainees across the country.”
BackgroundInfluentialOphthalmological perspectives of coronavirus disease 2019
Elessawy, K. B., El-Toukhy, E., Nour, M., & Alahmadawy, Y. A. (2020) · Kasr Al Ainy Medical Journal · doi:10.4103/kamj.kamj_17_20
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“During and due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, our surgical numbers had dropped drastically, and it had the most deleterious effect on the residents who were getting very minimal chances to operate.[2] The stress and anxiety levels were at a paramount high due to this unprecedented condition.”
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Ksheeraja, Y., Ramani, S., Bhandary, A. S., & Sundaresh, D. D. (2021) · Ophthalmology Journal · doi:10.5603/oj.2021.0025
Eye Surgery Applications Before and After the Covid-19 OutbreakPreprint
Çetinkaya, Y. F. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1380413/v1
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EFFECT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON OPHTHALMOLOGY RESIDENTS IN NORTH INDIA
Chopra, R., Sehgal, G., Diksha, D., & Kaur, P. (2022) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH · doi:10.36106/ijsr/8405127
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Impact of COVID-19 on orthopedic surgery residency programs in Algeria: a qualitative study
Meraghni, N., Derradji, M., Nemmar, R., Benkaidali, R., Boulaioune, S., & Kara, Z. (2022) · International Journal of Surgery Global Health · doi:10.1097/gh9.0000000000000087
“In the future, residency programs should involve a session about the use of PPE every year[4].”
BackgroundInfluentialOrteza-Sorra, M. O., Castillo, T. R., Mesina, B. V. Q., & Santiago, D. E. (2023) · Acta Medica Philippina · doi:10.47895/amp.v57i2.6202
Surgical skills empowerment of ophthalmology residents in India – Are they future-ready?
Honavar, S. G. (2023) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_552_23
Mental health status of ophthalmology residents during COVID-19 pandemic—A national online survey
Parija, S., Dash, N., Patra, S., & Nayak, S. (2023) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_2209_22
“The study by Mishra et al.[7] in India reported that 54.8% of ophthalmology trainees showed increased stress levels during the first wave of COVID‑pandemic and 46.5% stated they were “unhappy” during the pandemic.”
BackgroundInfluentialBeckman, J. J., Webster, C. R., Richardson, C., Fullmer, M., Kendall, E., Hazariwala, V., Bondira, I. P., Nguyen, B., Gao, M., Speicher, M. R., et al. (2023) · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_82_23
“[16] Other studies have shown a decline in volume for private practice or residency clinic visits; another study surveyed resident and attending perceptions of volume and educational changes.[13,14,18,19] This then, to our knowledge, is the first report of changes in OC volumes from both the inpatient department and t…”
ResultSaddam, N. (2023) · Research in Health Science · doi:10.22158/rhs.v8n3p34
Impact of COVID-19 on pediatric emergency fellowship training in Saudi Arabia
Khobrani, A., Kentab, O., Algarni, A., Ibrahim, A., Bhat, J. A., Abdulmajeed, A., Homaida, W. E. O., Basheer, S. E., Akkam, A., & Aljahany, M. (2023) · International Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12245-023-00518-9
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Impact of COVID 19 on Eye Health Access - Patient Perspectives
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nair, A., Mishra, D., Gandhi, R., Gogate, P., Mathur, S., Bhushan, P., Srivastav, T., Singh, H., Sinha, B., & Singh, M.
- Affiliations
- Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital (IN)
- Institute of Medical Sciences (IN)
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Nair, AkshayGopinathan
- Venue
- Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
- Published
- 2020
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 999
- ISSN
- 0301-4738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7508115
- OpenAlex
- W3032084305
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 27
- FWCI
- 32.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Social Sciences › Education › Education during COVID-19 pandemic
- Keywords
- COVID-19 lockdown, ophthalmology residency training, surgical training disruption, perceived stress, online learning, webinars, simulation-based training, India
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adult, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, India, Internship and Residency, Male, Middle Aged, Ophthalmology, Pneumonia, Viral, Quarantine, Contact Tracing, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Young Adult, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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