The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Poverty and Inequality in India: A Re-Examination*
Abstract
This paper presents a new set of integrated poverty and inequality estimates for India and Indian states for 1987-88, 1993-94 and 1999-2000. The poverty estimates are broadly consistent with independent evidence on percapita expenditure, state domestic product and real agricultural wages. They show that poverty decline in the 1990s proceeded more or less in line with earlier trends. Regional disparities increased in the 1990s, with the southern and western regions doing much better than the northern and eastern regions. Economic inequality also increased within states, especially within urban areas, and between urban and rural areas. We briefly examine other development indicators, relating for instance to health and education. Most indicators have continued to improve in the nineties, but social progress has followed very diverse patterns, ranging from accelerated progress in some fields to slowdown and even regression in others. We find no support for sweeping claims that the nineties have been a period of “unprecedented improvement” or “widespread impoverishment”.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Exact and superlative index numbers
Diewert, W. E. (1976) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/0304-4076(76)90009-9 · Cited by 2,170
India: Development and Participation
Drèze, J., & Sen, A. K. (2002) · OUP Catalogue · Cited by 894
Self-citationThe demand for food and calories
Subramanian, S., & Deaton, A. (1996) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/262020 · Cited by 647 · cited 1×
“The contradiction between nutritional food intake and expenditure surveys is neither uncommon nor fully understood; for two different interpretations of the Indian case, see Subramanian and Deaton (1996) and Subramanian (2001).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Political Economy of Hunger
Sen, A. (2019) · Common Knowledge · doi:10.1215/0961754x-7299462 · Cited by 632
Fertility, Education, and Development: Evidence from India
Drèze, J., & Murthi, M. (2001) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2001.00033.x · Cited by 365
Self-citationThe Distribution of Income in China
(1993) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-23026-6 · Cited by 295
The many faces of gender inequality
Sen, A. K. (2001) · The new republic/The New republic · Cited by 225
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2012) · National accounts statistics : analysis of main aggregates · doi:10.18356/9789210552165 · Cited by 162
Economic growth, income inequality and poverty in china under economic reforms
Yao, S. (1999) · The Journal of Development Studies · doi:10.1080/00220389908422604 · Cited by 120
Adjusted Indian Poverty Estimates for 1999-2000Preprint
Deaton, A. (2003) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 112
Self-citation
Cited by
‘Do rural banks matter? Evidence from the Indian social banking experiment’
Burgess, R., & Pande, R. (2005) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/0002828054201242 · Cited by 1,480
Distributional Effects of Globalization in Developing Countries
Goldberg, P. K., & Pavcnik, N. (2007) · Journal of Economic Literature · doi:10.1257/jel.45.1.39 · Cited by 539
Manufactured maladies: lives and livelihoods of migrant workers during COVID-19 lockdown in India
Adhikari, A., Goregaonkar, N., Narayanan, R., Panicker, N., & Ramamoorthy, N. (2020) · The Indian Journal of Labour Economics · doi:10.1007/s41027-020-00282-x · Cited by 64
Fighting eviction: Local learning and the experience of inequality among India’s adivāsi
Buckles, D., Khedkar, R., & Ghevde, B. (2015) · Action Research · doi:10.1177/1476750315572156 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Deaton, A., & Drèze, J.
- Venue
- Reflections on the Right to Development
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd
- Published
- 2005
- Issue
- 36
- Pages
- 243-275
- OpenAlex
- W1534259997
- Cited by
- 560
- References
- 13
- FWCI
- 213.32
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Poverty and Inequality in India: A Re-Examination*. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4135/9788132102144.n7
- The paper
- Deaton, A., & Drèze, J. (2005). Poverty and Inequality in India: A Re-Examination*. Reflections on the Right to Development. https://doi.org/10.4135/9788132102144.n7
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.