Melanoma: Surgery Subsequent to PDT—Is It Worth Doing? A 10-Year Pilot Trial Using Chlorin-Type Photosensitizer Bremachlorin®
Open accessAbstract
Bremachlorin®, also known as “Radachlorin®” and Photochlorin, a composition of 3 chlorophyll a derivatives in an aqueous solution [1], was initially introduced into the Russian and South Korean Pharmacopoeias with the corresponding marketing authorizations received in 2006 and 2008, on the basal cell skin carcinoma PDT protocol. Phase I-II clinical trials led in 2002-2005 showed no side effects, a good tolerability by patients and a high clinical anti-tumor efficacy. Further studies described in the present paper were fulfilled in accordance with a skin melanoma PDT + surgery combined technique protocol in 2006-2016. Resulting from the present trial, up to the 100% complete responses were achieved after resection and plastic surgery following PDT, with no melanoma regrowth or metastases during 5 and 10-year observation periods. Conducting PDT one day prior to tumor dissection can guarantee to meet the ablastics principles at the subsequent surgery. At the same time, the PDT + surgery protocol can allow for dissecting the tumor with less distance from its edge, which seems to be important for the face localizations of tumors.
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Chlorin has absorption at 662 nm and has been shown to be less painful to patients than MAL and ALA treatments.
“A further photosensitizing drug, chlorin, comprising of chlorin e6, chlorin p6, and purpurin 5, has been approved for use in Russia and Republic of Korea with absorption at 662 nm and has been shown to be less painful to patients than MAL and ALA treatments.66,67,114”
From Effect of skin color on optical properties and the implications for medical optical technologies: a review (2024) · cites this paper as [67]
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Cites
Photodynamic Therapy for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers
Cohen, D., & Lee, P. (2016) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers8100090 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Photosensitizer Radachlorin®: Skin cancer PDT phase II clinical trials
Kochneva, E. V., Filonenko, E. V., Vakulovskaya, E. G., Scherbakova, E. G., Seliverstov, O. V., Markichev, N. A., & Reshetnickov, A. V. (2010) · Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2010.07.006 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationIn vitro and in vivo evaluation of Radachlorin® sensitizer for photodynamic therapy
Douillard, S., Olivier, D., & Patrice, T. (2009) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/b817175k · Cited by 53 · see citing works
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Treatments of advanced basal cell carcinoma: a review of the literature.
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1 of the 6 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Reshetnickov, A.V. and Mead, M.N. (2013) The Medicine of Light. The 1 st Edition, Amazon Press, USA, 255 p. (2014) The 2 nd Edition, Pumbo, The Netherlands, 271 p.
- Demidov, L.V., Kharkevich, G.Yu. (2003) Skin Melanoma: Staging, Diagnostics and Treatment. The Russian Medical Journal, 11, 41-43. (in Russian).
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Setchfield, K., Gorman, A., Simpson, A. H. R. W., Somekh, M. G., & Wright, A. J. (2024) · Journal of Biomedical Optics · doi:10.1117/1.jbo.29.1.010901 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Pires, L., Calçada, C., Cerqueira-Rodrigues, B., Fan, Y., George, J. T., McGaha, T. L., & Wilson, B. C. (2026) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-026-03585-w
- Authors
- Volkov, E. I., Reshetnickov, A. V., & Vink, H.
- Corresponding author
- Reshetnickov, Andrei V.
- Venue
- Journal of Cancer Therapy
- Publisher
- Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.
- Published
- 2017
- Volume
- 08
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 902-912
- ISSN
- 2151-1934 (ISSN-L)
- 2151-1942
- OpenAlex
- W2766203841
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Cancer Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Keywords
- melanoma, photodynamic therapy, chlorin photosensitizers, chlorophyll a derivatives, surgical resection, facial melanoma, complete response, recurrence-free survival
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