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Cited by 439

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Classification of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema

Open access
Wu, Lihteh·2013·World Journal of Diabetes

Abstract

The global incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) have reached epidemic proportions. Estimates indicate that more than 360 million people will be affected by DM by 2030. All of these individuals will be at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR). It is extremely important to categorize, classify and stage the severity of DR in order to establish adequate therapy. With proper management more than 90% of cases of visual loss can be prevented. The purpose of the current paper is to review the classification of DR with a special emphasis on the International Clinical Disease Severity Scale for DR. This new classification is simple to use, easy to remember and based on scientific evidence. It does not require specialized examinations such as optical coherence tomography or fluorescein angiography. It is based on clinical examination and applying the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study 4:2:1 rule.

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Metadata

Authors
Wu, L.
Venue
World Journal of Diabetes
Published
2013
Volume
4
Issue
6
Pages
290
ISSN
1948-9358 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2123634291
Cited by
439
References
1
FWCI
16.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Classification of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4239/wjd.v4.i6.290
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Wu, L. (2013). Classification of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. World Journal of Diabetes. https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v4.i6.290

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.