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The prevalence and drivers of early marriage across three generations in three districts from Amhara, Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples regions of Ethiopia
Open accessAbstract
Early marriage is a harmful traditional practice which affects millions of children worldwide. In the developing world, one in three will marry by the age of 18 and one in nine will marry by the age of 15. This article presents the findings of a study which established the prevalence and drivers of early marriage in Alefa, Diksis and Gorche districts of the Amhara, Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples (SNNP) regions, respectively. A cross-sectional survey research design was employed. A total of 1199 women participated in a quantitative survey and data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The prevalence of early marriage among respondents was found to be 69.9%. The overall mean age at first marriage of respondents was found to be 14.8. An overall declining trend in the prevalence of early marriage and increasing trend in mean age at first marriage were noted. Respondents attendance of formal school, whether or not fathers ever attended formal school and size of land of natal family were found to be the variables significantly associated with respondents’ age at first marriage. The drivers of early marriage were categorized into gendered social norms, economic contexts, and institutional factors. Some conclusions are drawn based on the research findings.
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The sample size was determined using a single population proportion formula with 95% confidence, 5% margin of error, 69.9% proportion from a previous Ethiopian study, design effect 2, and 10% nonresponse, yielding 711.
“The sample size was determined using a single population proportion formula, with the assumptions of Z α /2 = 1.96, a 95% confidence level, a 5% margin of error, a 69.9% proportion of early marriage from a previous Ethiopian study 27 , and a design effect of 2. After adding a 10% nonresponse rate, the final sample size was 711.”
From Predictors of age at first marriage among rural women in the West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2024: a community-based cross-sectional study (2025) · cites this paper as [27]
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Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Bicchieri, C. (2017). Norms in the wild: How to diagnose, measure and change social norms. Oxford University Press.
- Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2005). Research methods in education. Routledge.
- Jones N., B. Tefera, Presler-Marshall, E., Gupta, T., G. Emirie, B. Gebre, & K. Berhanu (2016c). What works to tackle early marriage in Ethiopia: A Review of good practice (Country report). London: ODI & UNICEF. Ministry of Science and Technology. (2014). National research ethics review guidelines (5 th Ed.). MoST.
- Pankhurst, A. (2017). Youth transitions to adulthood and the role of interventions. In Pankhrust, A. (Ed.), Change and Transformation in Twenty Rural Communities in Ethiopia: Selected aspects and implications for policy, (pp.163-213). Ethiopia-WIDE.
- Seyoum Worku. (2016). "Irra dhaaba": A customary marriage among the Gelan Oromo of Caaffee Tumaa in Ada'a district, East Shewa, Ethiopia (M.A Thesis in Social Anthropology), Addis Ababa University.
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Gebeyehu, N. A., Gesese, M. M., Tegegne, K. D., Kebede, Y. S., Kassie, G. A., Mengstie, M. A., Zemene, M. A., Moges, N., Bantie, B., Feleke, S. F., et al. (2023) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0292625 · Cited by 11
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Gelchu, S., & Wirtu, D. (2025) · Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health · doi:10.69614/ejrh.v17i01.846
Metadata
- Authors
- Getu, M., Emirie, G., & Habtamu, K.
- Affiliations
- Addis Ababa University (ET)
- ORCID
- Kassahun Habtamu
- Venue
- Ethiopian Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities
- Publisher
- African Journals Online (AJOL)
- Published
- 2022-05-09
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 91-112
- ISSN
- 1810-4487 (ISSN-L)
- 2520-582X
- OpenAlex
- W4406990041
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 2.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Ethiopian Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Marriage and Family Dynamics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Keywords
- early marriage, age at marriage, prevalence, gender norms, economic factors, institutional factors, formal education, land area, Amhara region, Oromia, SNNPR
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