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Using Homework Assignments in Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Abstract
Homework is a central feature of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), given its educational emphasis. This new text is a comprehensive guide for administering assignments. The first part of the text offers essential introductory material, a comprehensive review of the theoretical and empirical support for the use of homework, models for practice, and systems for evaluating client compliance and therapist competence in administering assignments. Part two focuses on the role of homework in cognitive therapy, demonstrating successful methods of integration and discussing solutions to common barriers. Rather than offering one-size-fits-all, pre-designed tasks, this book illustrates application of a model with detailed case study and recommendations for adjusting administration methods for particular problems and specific client populations. Over the last nine chapters, homework administration is described within cognitive and behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression, chronic pain, delusions and hallucinations, obsessions and compulsions, marital and sexual problems, personality disorders, children and adolescents, group and family therapy, and older adults. Readers are provided with a full range of knowledge to successfully incorporate individualized homework assignments into their practice to maximize the proven long-term benefits of CBT.
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“Results in the literature demonstrate a positive relationship between self-awareness and self-help behaviors, with a potential link between the process of self-monitoring supported by daily survey completion and therapy methods similar to CBT (12, 45, 49, 50, 58).”
From Trouble with the curve: the 90-9-1 rule to measure volitional participation inequalities among Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets during training (2024) · cites this paper as [49]
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Items 101–195 of 195
Mahar, E. A., Stephenson, K. R., & Brotto, L. A. (2025) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2025.104732 · Cited by 12
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Houlding, C., SCHMIDT, F. H., & Walker, D. L. (2009) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/j.1475-3588.2009.00533.x · Cited by 11
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Fehm, L., & Helbig-Lang, S. (2009) · Psychotherapeut · doi:10.1007/s00278-009-0686-2 · Cited by 10
Kelly, P. J., Deane, F. P., Kazantzis, N., & Crowe, T. P. (2007) · Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin · doi:10.1177/00343552070510010601 · Cited by 10
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Self-citationKazantzis, N. (2024) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2024.03.002 · Cited by 10
Self-citationRyum, T., Svartberg, M., & Stiles, T. C. (2021) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-021-10268-8 · Cited by 9
Collaborative Empiricism in Cognitive Therapy for Psychosis: A Practice Guide
Hutton, P., & Morrison, A. P. (2012) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2012.08.003 · Cited by 8
Baruch, D. E., Kanter, J. W., Bowe, W. M., & Pfennig, S. L. (2010) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2010.04.003 · Cited by 8
Ronan, K. R., & Kazantzis, N. (2006) · Journal of Psychotherapy Integration · doi:10.1037/1053-0479.16.2.254 · Cited by 8
Self-citation(2006) · Learning Disability Practice · doi:10.7748/ldp.9.9.26.s21 · Cited by 8
Introduction and Historical Overview
Kazantzis, N., & L’Abate, L. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-29681-4_1 · Cited by 8
Self-citationFacilitating Homework and Generalization of Skills to the Real World
Cummings, C. M., Kazantzis, N., & Kendall, P. C. (2014) · doi:10.1002/9781118500576.ch11 · Cited by 8
Self-citationCognitive Behavioral Therapy for Addiction
Penberthy, J. K., Wartella, J. E., & Vaughan, M. D. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0338-9_36 · Cited by 10
Collateral Support: Involving Parents and Schools in Treatment for Youth Anxiety
Swan, A. J., Kagan, E. R., Frank, H. E., Crawford, E. A., & Kendall, P. C. (2016) · Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/23794925.2016.1158625 · Cited by 7
“For adolescents, use motivational approaches (e.g., reminding them of how homework will help them accomplish their goals; Kazantzis et al., 2005; Stein et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMoggia, D., Lutz, W., Kazantzis, N., Schwartz, B., & Bakker, D. (2023) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2023.05.014 · Cited by 8
Self-citationConducting a paediatric multi‐centre RCT with an industry partner: Challenges and lessons learned
Maskell, J., Newcombe, P. A., Martin, G., et al. (2012) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2012.02510.x · Cited by 7
Kazantzis, N., Freeman, A., Fruzzetti, A. E., Persons, J. B., & Smucker, M. R. (2013) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1017/bec.2013.1 · Cited by 7
Self-citationImproving therapeutic use of homework: suggestions from mental health clinicians
Kelly, P. J., & Deane, F. P. (2011) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2011.577845 · Cited by 6
Self-citationKelly, P., Beck, A., Baker, A., Deane, F., Hides, L., Manning, V., Shakeshaft, A., Larance, B., Neale, J., Kelly, J., et al. (2020) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/15113 · Cited by 6
Self-citationBetween-session homework in clinical training and practice: A transtheoretical perspective
Ryum, T., & Kazantzis, N. (2024) · Clinical Psychology in Europe · doi:10.32872/cpe.12607 · Cited by 9
Self-citationHildebrand-Burke, C., Davey, C. G., Gwini, S. M., Catania, L., & Kazantzis, N. (2023) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2023.2267166 · Cited by 6
Self-citationMcEvoy, P. M., Johnson, A. R., Kazantzis, N., & Egan, S. J. (2023) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2023.2286993 · Cited by 8
Self-citationMurphy, H., & Lahtinen, M. (2014) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12041 · Cited by 6
Gordon, J. L., Poulter, M. M. L., Balsom, A. A., & Campbell, T. S. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/52662 · Cited by 5
Selfhood: A Theory-Derived Relational Model for Mental Illness and Its Applications
L’Abate, L., & Cusinato, M. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/29338 · Cited by 5
Self-citationKazantzis, N., Dattilio, F. M., Shinkfield, G., & Petrik, A. M. (2022) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12861 · Cited by 5
Self-citationAssigning Homework to Couples and Families
Dattilio, F. M., & Dickson, J. (2007) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2006.10.007 · Cited by 5
Fehm, L., & Fehm‐Wolfsdorf, G. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-54911-7_42 · Cited by 5
Quetsch, L. B. (2019) · The Research Repository @ WVU (West Virginia University) · doi:10.33915/etd.6463 · Cited by 6
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Oewel, B., Azizan, N., Areán, P. A., & Agapie, E. (2024) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3687055 · Cited by 4
“Despite the effectiveness of homework, only 20-50% engage in between-session therapy activities [51, 61, 65].”
InfluentialHands up for homework: exploring inter-sessional activities in coaching
Passmore, J., Day, C., & Wang, Q. (2023) · Journal of Work-Applied Management · doi:10.1108/jwam-04-2023-0026 · Cited by 4
Bennion, M., Lovell, K., Blakemore, A., Vicary, E., & Bee, P. (2024) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2024.2369939 · Cited by 5
“…the influence of patient and environmental predictors and enhance engagement with BSW. Consistent with previous expert recommendations (Beck, 1979; Kazantzis et al., 2005), engagement promoting practitioner actions include patient involvement in task design, clear task specification, pre-emptive…”
InfluentialHausaufgaben in der Psychotherapie: Was Therapeuten bei der Gestaltung beachten sollten
Breil, J. (2012) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000107 · Cited by 4
Integrating Between-Session Homework
Ryum, T., Bennion, A. M., & Kazantzis, N. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197611012.003.0010 · Cited by 4
Self-citationDau, W., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, A. F., Krug, T., Läpple, S. E., & Banger, M. (2011) · SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice · doi:10.1024/0939-5911.a000113 · Cited by 4
Teckchandani, T. A., Shields, R. E., Andrews, K. L., Maguire, K. Q., Jamshidi, L., Nisbet, J., Afifi, T. O., Lix, L. M., Stewart, S. H., Sauer-Zavala, S., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1297953 · Cited by 3
“Results in the literature demonstrate a positive relationship between self-awareness and self-help behaviors, with a potential link between the process of self-monitoring supported by daily survey completion and therapy methods similar to CBT (12, 45, 49, 50, 58).”
BackgroundMethodAlizadeh, A., Shahverdyan, G., & Ahmad, E. (2012) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2012.329127 · Cited by 3
Between‐session homework and processes of change
Ryum, T., Bennion, M., & Kazantzis, N. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23628 · Cited by 3
Self-citationHausaufgaben in der Kinderpsychotherapie
Petermann, U., Petermann, F., & Röll, J. (2012) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000104 · Cited by 3
The Session Bridging Worksheet: impact on outcomes, homework adherence and participants’ experience
Williams, C., & Squires, G. (2014) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x1400004x · Cited by 5
“Homework is a well-established technique in psychotherapy (Broder, 2000) while also being an essential ingredient within CBT (Kazantzis et al. 2005) with empirical support for its use (Beck & Emery, 1979; Kazantzis et al. 2000, 2010; Rees et al. 2005; Gaynor et al. 2006; Thase & Callan, 2006;…”
BackgroundMethodObservance en médecine comportementale et en psychothérapie comportementale et cognitive
Vera, L., & Sannier, O. (2007) · Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive · doi:10.1016/s1155-1704(07)89701-1 · Cited by 3
Group Cohesion and Homework Adherence in Multi‐Family Group Therapy for Schizophrenia
Deane, F. P., Mercer, J., Talyarkhan, A., Lambert, G., & Pickard, J. A. (2012) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1017/aft.2012.15 · Cited by 3
Self-citationRoemmele, M., Mardo, P., & Gordon, A. S. (2017) · Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology (CLPsych) · doi:10.18653/v1/w17-3106 · Cited by 4
“Another technique is for the patient and therapist to write a story that vividly portrays the scenario from the patient’s perspective (Gillihan et al., 2012; Kazantzis et al., 2005; Pedrick and Hyman, 2011; OCDLA, 2016b).”
BackgroundKazantzis, N., & Dattilio, F. M. (2007) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2007.05.001 · Cited by 3
Self-citationBunnell, B. E., Schuler, K. R., Ivanova, J., Flynn, L., Barrera, J. F., Niazi, J., Turner, D., & Welch, B. M. (2024) · JMIR Human Factors · doi:10.2196/56567 · Cited by 3
“Consistent with previous research, therapists reported facing substantial challenges when implementing homework with adult clients [6,7,9,14-21].”
Therapeutic Interventions for Treatment of Adolescent Internet Addiction—Experiences from Germany
Dau, W., Hoffmann, J. D. G., & Banger, M. (2017) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46276-9_16 · Cited by 4
Teckchandani, T. A., Shields, R. E., Andrews, K. L., Nisbet, J., Afifi, T. O., Asmundson, G. J. G., Maguire, K. Q., Jamshidi, L., Neary, J. P., Krätzig, G. P., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41811-025-00231-w · Cited by 4
“Self-monitoring is common practice in cognitive behaviour therapy (Cohen et al., 2013; Kazantzis et al., 2005), mindfulness training (Erisman & Roemer, 2010), emotion-focused therapy (Paivio, 2013), dialectical behaviour therapy (Feldman et al., 2009), and acceptance and commitment therapy (Başoğlu…”
Barriers to Recovering Intimacy
Carlson, J. F., & Sperry, L. (2011) · doi:10.4324/9780203852439-18 · Cited by 2
Client motivation, working alliance and the use of homework in psychotherapy
Franco, C. M. (2012) · ProQuest Demo Repository · Cited by 2
Cecil Pak Shun, W. O. N. G., Fong, D., Kitty Siu Shan, C. H. A. N., Yeung, J. T. K., Ngan, A. H. Y., Lam, Y. Y. L., Leung, H. H. Y., & Wang, M. P. (2025) · PSYCHOLOGIA · doi:10.2117/psysoc.2023-a271 · Cited by 1
Kim, T. T., & Xu, C. (2025) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-025-10665-3 · Cited by 1
Cao, J., Li, C., Gao, W., Hoermann, S., Baghaei, N., & Billinghurst, M. (2026) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3817039 · Cited by 1
Therapeutische Vereinbarungen: Hausaufgaben und Verhaltensverträge
Fehm, L., & Helbig‐Lang, S. (2011) · Springer-Lehrbuch · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13018-2_29 · Cited by 1
Herman, K. G. (2013) · Cited by 1
3/6 Thérapies comportementales et cognitives : principales techniques
Satori, N., & Sarron, C. M. (2020) · Soins Psychiatrie · doi:10.1016/s0241-6972(20)30066-9 · Cited by 1
Cremaschi, M., Avis, G. R., Zhao, A. Q., Guarnieri, E., Panzeri, A., & Spoto, A. (2025) · Computers in Human Behavior Reports · doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2025.100586 · Cited by 1
Macklem, G. L. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7907-0_9 · Cited by 1
Petrik, A. M., & Kazantzis, N. (2015) · The Encyclopedia of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/9781118625392.wbecp081 · Cited by 1
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Mirabel-Sarron, C., & Vera, L. (2008) · Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale. Psychiatrie · doi:10.1016/s0246-1072(08)50402-0
Procedures and processes in cognitive behavior therapy with children and adolescents
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What I Really Believe About Family Therapy
L’Abate, L. (2007) · International Journal of Systemic Therapy · doi:10.1300/j085v18n02_04
“Therefore, if f2f tb family therapy needs expanding, it can expand with an increased reliance on homework assignments, not only in cognitive-behavioral, but in all types of psychotherapy (Deane et al., 2005; Kazantzis et al., 2005; Kazantzis & L’Abate, 2006; Tompkins, 2004).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCritical moments in cognitive behavioural therapy: a study of discursive expertise.
Beckwith, A. (2014) · Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)
Therapeutische Vereinbarungen: Hausaufgaben und Verhaltensverträge
Fehm, L., & Helbig‐Lang, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61814-1_34
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Mare, R. (2016) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)
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Swan, J., & Sloan, G. (2017) · Principles of specialty nursing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31772-4_6
Ronan, K. R., Davies, G., Wikman, R., Canoy, D., Jarrett, M., & Evans, C. (2018) · Gezinstherapie Wereldwijd · doi:10.1007/s12440-018-0072-x
Self-citationRecent Developments in Family Science in USA and Italy
L’Abate, L. (2011) · International Journal of Brief Therapy and Family Science · doi:10.35783/ijbf.1.1_3
Self-citation(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002444-003
(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002444-006
(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002444-005
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(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002444-007
(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002444-001
(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002444-002
(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002444-008
Dattilio, F. M. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118528563.wbcbt31
Uygulamalı ve Klinik Psikolojide Yazı Terapisinin Kullanımı
Bal, F. (2024) · OSMANGAZİ JOURNAL OF MEDICINE · doi:10.20515/otd.1534094
The Digitalisation of Reinforcement Learning and Token Economy in e-Health
Guarnieri, E., & Cremaschi, M. (2024) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-67351-1_29
Malik, A., Sudhir, P. M., & Prathyusha, P. V. (2024) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-024-00566-x
(2000) · Time to knit · doi:10.1016/s0246-1072(14)65247-0
Bennion, M., Lovell, K., Blakemore, A., & Bee, P. (2025) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2025.2475168
“…training could enrich practitioners’ understanding of the key aspects impacting BSW. Measures such as the Homework Rating Scale-Revised (HRS-II) (Kazantzis et al., 2005), which assess both the quality and quantity of task completion alongside patient perceptions of task comprehension and…”
InfluentialGalán‐Luque, T., & Orgilés, M. (2025) · Studies In Educational Evaluation · doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2025.101493
Stephenson, K. R., Mahar, E. A., Adamo, K., JELINEK, A., Cullen, C., & Brotto, L. A. (2025) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2025.2565669 · Cited by 2
Bonato, F. R. C., Cardoso, N. D. O., & Brotto, L. A. (2025) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/0092623x.2025.2583085
“Existing tools, such as the MBCT Adherence Scale (Segal et al., 2002) and the Homework Rating Scale (Kazantzis et al., 2005), have been adapted for use in the FSD field but lack broad validation.”
Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions: Integrating RESPPECTUS Principles
Gregory, V. L. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-01666-9_6
Hogue, J. R., Cooke, C., Freeman, M. W., & Vaudreuil, R. (2026) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2026.1761700
Pine, A. E., Gum, M. A., Liu, M. M., & Mcguire, J. F. (2026) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-026-00579-1 · Cited by 1
Homework for Children With Internalizing Disorders
Sadinoff, G., Demacopoulos, N., Lissauer, D., & Terjesen, M. D. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29009-1.00149-9
Nisa, A., Siddiqui, S., & Ametaj, A. (2026) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-026-08345-x · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Kazantzis, N., Deane, F. P., Ronan, K. R., & L’Abate, L.
- Affiliations
- Central Queensland University (AU)
- Venue
- Routledge eBooks
- Publisher
- Routledge
- Published
- 2005-12-05
- OpenAlex
- W658945099
- Cited by
- 195
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 8.62
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- homework, cognitive behavioral therapy, client compliance, therapist competence, cognitive therapy, anxiety, depression, chronic pain, delusions and hallucinations, obsessions and compulsions, personality disorders, children and adolescents, older adults
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