The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Automatization and Practice
Abstract
This chapter presents an overview of extant research on practice and automatization. Identifying what kind of “practice” is effective for automatization—the gradual and extended learning process—is essential. Automaticity is an advanced stage in acquisition at which knowledge and skills are accurate, quick, efficient, effortless, stable, and unconscious. It intersects with core theoretical constructs in SLA, such as explicit and implicit knowledge and learning as well as the skill acquisition theory and usage-based approach. Research on L2 practice specifically aimed at automatization is reviewed, focusing on five key research streams related to automatization in instructed L2 contexts.
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Skill acquisition theory holds that L2 learning is a form of skill acquisition and that L2 skill development follows three stages: declarative, procedural, and automatic.
“Skill acquisition theory conceptualizes second language (L2) learning in three stages (declarative, procedural, and automatic)”
From Testing the three-stage model of second language skill acquisition (2025) · cites this paper as Suzuki, 2022
The three-stage finding aligns with the learning mechanism of the three-stage model (ACT-R) and is at odds with the race model (single-stage) and the CMPL theory (two-stage).
“This finding aligns with the learning mechanism of the three-stage model, or ACT-R (DeKeyser, 2020;Suzuki, 2022) and is at odds with that of the race model (a single-stage model) and the CMPL theory (a two-stage model).”
From Testing the three-stage model of second language skill acquisition (2025) · cites this paper as Suzuki, 2022
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Testing the three-stage model of second language skill acquisition
Maie, R., & Godfroid, A. (2025) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s027226312500021x · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Suzuki, Y.
- Corresponding author
- Suzuki, Yuichi
- ORCID
- Suzuki, Yuichi
- Venue
- The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Psycholinguistics
- Publisher
- Routledge
- Published
- 2022-10-26
- Pages
- 308-321
- OpenAlex
- W4307280401
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 13.36
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Social Sciences › Education › Language Acquisition and Education
- Keywords
- automation, automaticity, second language acquisition, skill acquisition, implicit and explicit knowledge, usage-based approach, language learning
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