Assessing Urbanisation Trends, Urban Renewal and Sustainable Urban Development in Nigeria

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Urbanization has become one of the most common features of economic growth worldwide.

“Urbanization has gradually become one of the most common attributes of economic growth globally (Olalekan, 2014).”

• cites Olalekan, 2014Not matched

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Urbanization has altered natural geography by changing topography and geomorphology and flattening built-up landscapes.

“Urbanization has transformed the natural geography in the following ways: The alteration of topography and geomorphology has flattened the landscapes of built-up areas-human beings (Gu, 2019).”

• cites Gu, 2019Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

The rise in Nigeria's urban population comes from the expansion of existing built-up areas and the appearance of new settlements identifiable as urban.

“The increase in the urban population in Nigeria results from the expansion of existing built-up areas and the emergence of new and identifiably 'urban' settlements (Avis, 2019;Bloch et al., 2015).”

• cites Avis, 2019Not matched

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• cites Bloch et al., 2015Not matched

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Demographic shifts such as ageing populations or falling birth rates can drive urbanization.

“ii) Demographic Change: Changes in population demographics, such as ageing populations or declining birth rates, can also drive urbanization.”

• cites Gu, 2019Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Urban renewal reduces congestion in urban centres, stimulates economic growth, and creates environmentally friendly opportunities for private investment.

“Gbadegesin and Aluko (2010) conclude that urban renewal overhauls the congestion in urban centres, helps to stimulate economic growth, and creates environmentally friendly opportunities for private Investments.”

• cites Gbadegesin and Aluko, 2010Not matched

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Urbanization can result from the decline of certain cities or regions, for example when industries decline or natural disasters occur.

“v) Shrinking Cities: Finally, Urbanization can also result from the decline of certain cities or regions.For example, as industries decline or natural disasters occur, people may move away from specific areas (Gu, 2019).”

• cites Gu, 2019Not matched

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Urbanization generates economic growth and development.

“i) Economic Growth and Development: Urbanization creates economic growth and development.”

• cites Gu, 2019Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

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Urban renewal restores economic vitality to decaying urban areas, which is vital for sustainable development and improves residents' safety.

“Urban renewal primarily uplifts a decaying urban area to restore its economic vitality, which is vital to sustainable development and improves the overall safety of people living in such urban areas (Norris, 2007).”

• cites Norris, 2007Not matched

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Urban renewal differs from urban regeneration, rehabilitation, and redevelopment in scale, being primarily large-scale work aimed at physical change.

“While urban regeneration, rehabilitation, and redevelopment share similarities with the concept of urban renewal, they differ significantly in scale, with urban renewal primarily involving large-scale work with physical change as its primary goal (Zheng, 2014).”

• cites Zheng, 2014Not matched

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Migration and immigration are changing the sociocultural makeup of urban regions and increasing cultural diversity.

“As urbanization processes continue to dominate regional and national development, migration and immigration trends are transforming the sociocultural composition of urban regions and introducing a growing spectrum of cultural diversity (Auwalu, 2021).”

• cites Auwalu, 2021Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

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Social changes such as the growth of the middle class or changing gender roles can drive urbanization.

“iii) Social Transformation: Social changes and the rise of the middle class, or changing gender roles, can also drive urbanization.”

• cites Gu, 2019Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

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Urbanization can reshape and stretch urban spaces, producing new neighborhoods and suburbs.

“iv) Reshaped and Stretched Urban Spaces: Urbanization can also result in changes in the physical landscape of cities.For example, new neighborhoods and suburbs were formed as cities grew and expanded.”

• cites Gu, 2019Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Slums, poverty, and urbanization are closely linked and pose major obstacles in both developed and developing countries, with the problems being more severe in developing countries such as Nigeria.

“Slums, poverty, and urbanization are closely related and present significant obstacles to developed and developing countries.However, developing countries like Nigeria are not exempt from these issues, which are more severe there (Bakare, 2014).”

• cites Bakare, 2014Not matched

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Urban renewal transforms the urban environment to improve the lives of current and future city residents.

“Urban renewal is transforming the urban environment by controlling it extensively and comprehensively to improve the lives of those who live in cities now and in the future (Dimuna, 2010;Osuide, 2004).”

• cites Dimuna, 2010Not matched

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• cites Osuide, 2004Not matched

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May combine two claims.

Urbanization can have negative effects on social equity, public health, and the natural environment.

“However, urbanization can negatively impact social equity, public health, and the natural environment (Gu, 2019).”

• cites Gu, 2019Not matched

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Revitalization strategies are adaptable methods that help resolve urban issues by protecting the urban environment and improving urban centres' physical, environmental, and socio-economic conditions.

“By protecting the urban environment and encouraging enhancing urban centres' physical, environmental, and socio-economic conditions, revitalization strategies are adaptable methods that help resolve urban issues (Auwalu, 2021).”

• cites Auwalu, 2021Not matched

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The revised policy recognizes urbanization's potential for socio-economic and environmental development and emphasizes well-managed urban settlements, economic growth, and improved living standards for all Nigerians.

“The policy recognizes urbanization's potential for socio-economic and environmental development.It emphasizes well-managed urban settlements, economic growth, and improved living standards for all Nigerians (Uwaegbulam, 2019).”

• cites Uwaegbulam, 2019Not matched

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Sustainable urban development is a crucial goal for Nigeria, aiming to design communities and cities that are inclusive, safe, resilient, and environmentally sustainable as outlined in the SDGs.

“According to the United Nations (2022), sustainable urban development is a crucial goal for Nigeria, aiming to design communities and cities that are inclusive, safe, resilient, and environmentally sustainable, as outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations.”

• cites United Nations, 2022Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

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Urban rehabilitation removes physical obstacles to urban decline and enhances existing structures and infrastructure while preserving the original character of the urban fabric.

“The study done by Duzcu (2006) also explains that urban rehabilitation eliminates any physical obstacles contributing to urban decline and enhances existing structures and infrastructure while maintaining the urban fabric's original character (Auwalu, 2021).”

• cites Duzcu, 2006Not matched

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• cites Auwalu, 2021Not matched

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Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Urban renewal is a comprehensive strategy for raising land values, improving environmental quality, addressing urban decay, and achieving socio-economic goals for sustainable development.

“Therefore, Zheng (2014) posits that urban renewal is a comprehensive strategy for promoting land values, enhancing environmental quality, addressing the issue of urban decay, and achieving the different socio-economic goals for sustainable development (Auwalu, 2021).”

• cites Zheng, 2014Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Auwalu, 2021Not matched

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Kano has experienced tremendous urban growth since the late 10th century, mainly due to an influx of people for socio-economic trading activities.

“For instance, Kano, the largest city in Northern Nigeria, has experienced tremendous urban growth since the late 10 th century, mainly attributed to the influx of people due to socio-economic trading activities (United Nations, 2022).”

• cites United Nations, 2022Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

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Sustainable Development Goal 11 aims to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.

“For urban sustainability, Sustainable Development Goal 11 aims to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable (Oromiya, 2015).”

• cites Oromiya, 2015Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Urbanization and urban renewal present significant challenges but can also create opportunities for sustainable urban development.

“While urbanization and urban renewal present significant challenges, they can also offer opportunities for sustainable urban development.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Urban renewal often displaces inhabitants whose homes and livelihoods are deteriorated to make way for new developments.
• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Aligning urbanization and urban renewal strategies with the SDGs can lead Nigeria toward creating cities that are inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S1 (asserted), S3 (load-bearing).

Nigeria aims to ensure active participation of state and non-state actors in the review and reporting processes for its successor development plan to the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan.

“As the country develops a successor development plan to the Economic Recovery & Growth Plan (ERGP), it aims to ensure the active participation of state and non-state actors in the review and reporting processes (The Presidency, 2020).”

• cites The Presidency, 2020Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Most urban centres in Nigeria continue to face severe challenges because increasing urbanization has produced environmental problems in urban areas.

“From the findings in the literature, there is clarity in the understanding that most urban centres in Nigeria continue to face a severe challenge due to the increase in urbanization that has resulted in environmental challenges in urban areas.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Nigerian cities are currently experiencing high environmental deterioration and are rated among the world's metropolitan areas with the lowest livability index.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Key areas of focus in Nigerian urban growth and control include the economic, infrastructural, and social conditions of urban centres, urban sprawl from inefficient growth, transportation, and waste management.

“Some key areas of focus include the urban centres' economic, infrastructural, and social conditions, the urban sprawl resulting from inefficient growth and development, transportation, and waste management (Jise, 2020).”

• cites Jise, 2020Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

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Nigeria's population in 2024 is projected to be 229,152,217, a 2.39% increase from 2023.

“In Figure 3 below, the current population of Nigeria in 2024 will be 229,152,217, a 2.39% increase from 2023 (United Nations, 2022).”

• cites United Nations, 2022Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Urban renewal improves the physical, environmental, and socio-economic aspects of metropolitan areas through redevelopment, rehabilitation, revitalization, and heritage preservation.

“Urban renewal enhances metropolitan areas' physical, environmental, and socio-economic aspects through various techniques, including redevelopment, rehabilitation, revitalization, and heritage preservation (Gulli and Zazzi, 2011).”

• cites Gulli and Zazzi, 2011Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.