The DOI matches its DataCite record.
White supremacy culture – still here
Open accessAbstract
“White Supremacy Culture – Still Here” (2021) by Tema Okun reframes white supremacy not only as an overt ideology but as a pervasive cultural system embedded in everyday norms, values, and institutional practices that shape how people think, behave, and relate to one another. The article identifies a set of interrelated characteristics—such as fear, perfectionism, individualism, defensiveness, binary thinking, power hoarding, and urgency—that function to maintain racial hierarchies and reinforce broader systems of oppression like capitalism, patriarchy, and ableism. Okun emphasizes that these cultural patterns are socially constructed, internalized by everyone regardless of identity (though in unequal ways), and ultimately harmful to all, particularly Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. The work pairs each characteristic with “antidotes” that promote relationality, accountability, emotional awareness, collective action, and equity, urging readers to recognize these dynamics within themselves and institutions while resisting the weaponization of the framework. Overall, the text positions dismantling white supremacy culture as a process of collective decolonization and cultural transformation grounded in interdependence, justice, and shared humanity.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“According to Okun, one of the reasons why white supremacy culture is dangerous is because it not only sets”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun (2021)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“white supremacy culture is often driven by fear and reinforces worries that individuals within BIPOC communities may have in regard to not being enough, not belonging, and being othered.”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun, 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“the culture of white supremacy often tries to convince BIPOC individuals that they will be safe, appreciated, and deemed worthy, as long as they adhere to a set of standards, values, and norms that causes them to devalue themselves and lose their authenticity in the process.”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun, 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Unfortunately, academic culture within higher education institutions continues to uphold norms, values, and ways of operating that are steeped in white supremacy and may contribute to feelings of IP for Black students.”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun (2021)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Finally, defensiveness and denial within academia shows itself through lack of accountability and responding to harmful incidents of bias and discrimination with feelings of defensiveness, denial, and criticism.”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun, 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“teaching us both overtly and covertly that whiteness holds value whiteness is value”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun (2021)
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“White supremacy culture also promises to reward BIPOC communities and people who collude in an effort to survive; the encouragement to assimilate and adapt to these characteristics often promises the illusion of safety while in reality rarely doing so.”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun (2021, p. 5)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Within academia, perfectionism manifests as there not being any room for mistakes to be made, certain groups being held and measured by a higher standard of excellence than others, and as errors being viewed as a personal reflection of an individual rather than an external occurrence that can offer an opportunity for learning and growth.”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun, 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Individualism within academia is often manifested as valuing competition rather than collaboration.”
From Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students (2024) · cites this paper as Okun, 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Reframing the impostor phenomenon for Black college students
Connaught, G. (2024) · Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice · doi:10.56433/pv5se246 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Okun, T.
- Corresponding author
- Okun, Tema
- Venue
- Zenodo
- Publisher
- Zenodo
- Published
- 2021-05
- OpenAlex
- W7162939000
- Cited by
- 0
- References
- 0
- Type
- report
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Race Theory in Education
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Feminist Theory and Gender Studies
- Keywords
- white supremacy culture, racial hierarchy, systemic oppression, capitalism, patriarchy, ableism, internalized racism, decolonization, collective action, equity, individualism, binary thinking, emotional awareness, accountability, relationality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
