CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 2Religious Studies and Spiritual PracticesRace, History, and American SocietyTheological Perspectives and Practices

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

“To Battle for Human Rights”: Afro-Creole Spiritualism and Martyrdom

Clark, Emily Suzanne·2018·Journal of Africana Religions
DOI 10.5325/jafrireli.6.2.0161
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

From 1858 to 1877 a group of Afro-Creole men in New Orleans practiced American Spiritualism and received messages from the spirit world. The spirits of the dead advised the Cercle Harmonique, as they called themselves, on issues of theology and politics. Though the Spiritualism practiced by the Cercle Harmonique was similar to that of white, northern Protestants, the practice of the Afro-Creoles was a distinctively African American religion. One of the clearest ways to navigate the process in which Spiritualism became Afro-Creole Spiritualism is by attending to the group's use of the language and rhetoric of martyrdom. Martyrdom provided the Cercle Harmonique a language for understanding the racial violence that surrounded them, and that language also offered the proper response to the violence. The Spiritualist martyrs who engaged the Cercle Harmonique were those who died in defense of Black rights and in contest with white supremacy.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.5325/jafrireli.6.2.0161

Cites

41 of 41 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The spirits of Lincoln, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Lee who manifested through members of the Cercle Harmonique were not stand-ins for the white race and did not appear in an essentialized conceptualization of whiteness.

    “The answer, unsurprisingly, seems to be no. Abraham Lincoln, who appeared at the séance table because of his prominent position in US society and as a “martyr” for abolition (Clark, 2018), simply manifested as himself.”

    From Race and (the Study of) Esotericism (2020) · cites this paper as Clark, 2018

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Metadata

Authors
Clark, E. S.
Affiliations
Gonzaga University (US)
Corresponding author
Clark, Emily Suzanne
ORCID
Clark, Emily Suzanne
Venue
Journal of Africana Religions
Publisher
The Pennsylvania State University Press
Published
2018-07-01
Volume
6
Issue
2
Pages
161-189
ISSN
  • 2165-5405 (ISSN-L)
  • 2165-5413
DOI
10.5325/jafrireli.6.2.0161
OpenAlex
W2810461992
Cited by
2
References
41
Citations by year
2020: 2
FWCI
3.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Africana Religions (publishedVersion)
  • Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Race, History, and American Society
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Theological Perspectives and Practices
Keywords
martyrdom, African American religion, racial violence, white supremacy, Black rights, New Orleans

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review