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Cross Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of Research Instruments: a Methodological Review
Abstract
Background: Psychometrics has a very important role and with the increase in the number of cross cultural research projects, there is need to adapt the scales to measure the health status. Objective: It was aimed to describe the validation process comprehensively based on recent practices and to overview a practical guideline of validation study. Method: Search was done in PubMed, PubMed Central & Google Scholar with searching key words ranging date from January 2000 to December 2015. Finally 78 articles were selected for review and through methodological review was done in accordance with the review objectives. Result: Review revealed that cultural adaptation followed similar steps with few variations. There was huge variation in study design, sampling technique & sample size. Cronbach’s alpha & test-retest reliability was mostly used form of reliability with variations in assessment of validity. Exploratory Factor Analysis was used more for statistical analysis & followed similar criteria with few variations. Conclusion: Cross cultural measurement of health outcomes is really an important and challenging issue that needs elaborative guideline to take appropriate steps to solve problems.
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“The adaptation and testing of measurement instruments across different international contexts not only saves time required to develop a new measurement, but also facilitates quantitative comparisons between cultures over time. This helps to increase the generalizability of data and contribute to evidence for evaluating outcomes and developing effective interventions [27–29].”
From Turkish adaptation of the clinical reasoning evaluation simulation tool (CREST-TR): a validity and reliability study (2025) · cites this paper as [27]
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Cruchinho, P., López-Franco, M. D., Capelas, M. L., Almeida, S., Bennett, P. M., Miranda da Silva, M., Teixeira, G., Nunes, E., Lucas, P., & Gaspar, F. (2024) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s419714 · Cited by 469
Sakib, N., Bhuiyan, A. K. M. I., Hossain, S., Al Mamun, F., Hosen, I., Abdullah, A. H., Sarker, M. A., Mohiuddin, M. S., Rayhan, I., Hossain, M., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-020-00289-x · Cited by 414
Zhang, C., Wang, T., Zeng, P., Zhao, M., Zhang, G., Zhai, S., Meng, L., Wang, Y., & Liu, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.648755 · Cited by 175
Krieglstein, F., Beege, M., Rey, G. D., Sanchez-Stockhammer, C., & Schneider, S. (2023) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-023-09738-0 · Cited by 139
KEŞFEDİCİ VE DOĞRULAYICI FAKTÖR ANALİZİ: KAVRAMSAL BİR ÇALIŞMA
Karaman, M. (2023) · Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.29131/uiibd.1279602 · Cited by 99
Metadata
- Authors
- Arafat, S., Chowdhury, H., Qusar, M., & Hafez, M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Behavioral Health
- Publisher
- ScopeMed
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 129
- ISSN
- 2146-8346 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2461994724
- Cited by
- 356
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 44.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Behavioral Health (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Keywords
- cross-cultural adaptation, psychometric validation, health status measurement, scale adaptation, reliability statistics, validity, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, test-retest reliability, health outcome measurement
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