The DOI matches its Crossref record.
WHO WROTE THIS ESSAY? DETECTING AI-GENERATED WRITING IN SECOND LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
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Claims other papers make about this one
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A recent study comprised a mere six ESL lecturers, highlighting narrow empirical breadth and ongoing needs for broader policy-focused research.
“A recent study demonstrated this in detailing one such qualitative study comprising a mere six ESL lecturers, highlighting narrow empirical breadth and ongoing needs for broader policy-focused research to inform institutional responses to student work produced via AI [2].”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
Much of the research on detection tool research to this point is of limited scope and lacking in institutional breadth.
“Although an ever-growing volume of literature about AI in education has been generated, much of the research on detection tool research to this point is of limited scope and lacking in institutional breadth [2].”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
ESL instructors often judged grammatically accurate and sophisticated writing as AI-generated, revealing a bias against second-language writers and highlighting how current detection systems may unintentionally penalize linguistic diversity.
“ESL instructors often judged grammatically accurate and sophisticated writing as AI-generated, revealing a bias against second-language writers and highlighting how current detection systems may unintentionally penalize linguistic diversity [2].”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
Educators rely on subjective judgments without clear policies, sometimes misinterpreting linguistic sophistication as evidence of AI authorship.
“Educators rely on subjective judgments without clear policies, sometimes misinterpreting linguistic sophistication as evidence of AI authorship.”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
Faculty in ESL contexts often feel uncertain about addressing suspected AI-generated student work, highlighting the lack of comprehensive, AI-specific institutional guidelines.
“Faculty in ESL contexts often feel uncertain about addressing suspected AI-generated student work, highlighting the lack of comprehensive, AI-specific institutional guidelines [2].”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
AI detection tools are probabilistic and often inconsistent.
“The authors noted that all the detection tools produced reports indicating the probability that the content had been generated by AI [2] and highlighted their probabilistic and often inconsistent nature.”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
ESL instructors often relied on superficial linguistic cues, mistakenly equating fluency with artificiality.
“ESL instructors often relied on superficial linguistic cues, mistakenly equating fluency with artificiality.”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
AI detection tools showed inconsistent results and lacked transparency in their classification criteria, complicating their role in making academic decisions.
“At the same time, AI detection tools showed inconsistent results and lacked transparency in their classification criteria, complicating their role in making academic decisions [2].”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
Researchers studying AI detectors in an ESL context found notable discrepancies between human judgments of content origin and machine detector judgments.
“Some researchers have studied AI detectors in an ESL context and found notable discrepancies between the judgments made by humans regarding the origin of the content versus what machine detectors indicated.”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
ESL teachers were only 33% to 66% correct in identifying whether texts were composed by students or produced by AI.
“In their investigation, ESL teachers were only 33% to 66% correct in identifying whether texts were composed by students or produced by AI [2], highlighting the dilemma teachers experience in terms of being able to make credible distinctions.”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
The lack of standardized procedures for flagged submissions compounds these technical shortcomings.
“The lack of standardized procedures for flagged submissions compounds these technical shortcomings [2].”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
Institutions are inconsistent in interpreting AI-assisted work under academic integrity policies.
“Furthermore, institutions are inconsistent in interpreting AI-assisted work under academic integrity policies [2].”
From Evaluating the Effectiveness and Ethical Implications of AI Detection Tools in Higher Education (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
AI detectors worked more effectively in identifying AI-generated texts than humans.
“It was found that AI detectors worked more effectively in identifying AI-generated texts than humans, and AI, to some extent, challenged lecturers' previous evaluation criteria and strategies.”
From A systematic review of the early impact of artificial intelligence on higher education curriculum, instruction, and assessment (2025) · cites this paper as Alexander et al., 2023
AI to some extent challenged lecturers' previous evaluation criteria and strategies.
“It was found that AI detectors worked more effectively in identifying AI-generated texts than humans, and AI, to some extent, challenged lecturers' previous evaluation criteria and strategies.”
From A systematic review of the early impact of artificial intelligence on higher education curriculum, instruction, and assessment (2025) · cites this paper as Alexander et al., 2023
Many academics have reported insufficient AI literacy.
“particularly when many academics have reported insufficient AI literacy (Alexander et al., 2023).”
From A systematic review of the early impact of artificial intelligence on higher education curriculum, instruction, and assessment (2025) · cites this paper as Alexander et al., 2023
Fifty-four percent of the reviewed articles highlighted that the emergence of GenAI presented a significant challenge to student academic integrity.
“Fifty-four percent of the reviewed articles highlighted that the emergence of GenAI presented a significant challenge to student academic integrity (Adeshola & Adepoju, 2023; Alexander et al., 2023; Chaudhry et al., 2023; Chan, 2023; Dai et al., 2023; Elsayed, 2023; Geerling et al., 2023; Kang, 2023; Nikolic et al., 2023; Ouh et al., 2023; Overono & Ditta, 2023; Perkins, 2023; Smolansky et al., 2”
From A Scoping Review on How Generative Artificial Intelligence Transforms Assessment in Higher Education (2024) · cites this paper as Alexander et al., 2023
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Metadata
- Authors
- Alexander, K., Savvidou, C., & Alexander, C.
- Venue
- Teaching English With Technology
- Publisher
- University of Nicosia
- Published
- 2023
- Volume
- 2023
- Issue
- 2
- ISSN
- 1642-1027 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4381515751
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 8.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Teaching English With Technology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Authorship Attribution and Profiling
- Social Sciences › Education › Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Social Sciences › Education › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Keywords
- AI-generated text detection, generative AI, second language writing, higher education, academic integrity, plagiarism detection, authorship attribution
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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