The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Handful of Heuristics and Some Propositions for Understanding Resilience in Social-Ecological Systems
Open accessAbstract
Walker, B. H., L. H. Gunderson, A. P. Kinzig, C. Folke, S. R. Carpenter, and L. Schultz. 2006. A handful of heuristics and some propositions for understanding resilience in social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 11(1): 13. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-01530-110113
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Those with an internal locus of control tend to exhibit higher resilience during times of uncertainty [18, 19].”
From Health anxiety, coping mechanisms and COVID 19: An Indian community sample at week 1 of lockdown (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems
Holling, C. S. (1973) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245 · Cited by 18,995
Catastrophic shifts in ecosystems
Scheffer, M., Carpenter, S., Foley, J. A., Folke, C., & Walker, B. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35098000 · Cited by 7,510
Self-citationADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Folke, C., Hahn, T., Olsson, P., & Norberg, J. (2005) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.30.050504.144511 · Cited by 5,814
Self-citationUnderstanding Institutional Diversity
Elinor Ostrom, B. (2006) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400831739 · Cited by 5,287
The Struggle to Govern the Commons
Dietz, T., Ostrom, E., & Stern, P. C. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1091015 · Cited by 4,209
Understanding the complexity of economic, ecological and social systems
Holling, C. S. (2001) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-001-0101-5 · Cited by 4,087
Confronting the coral reef crisis
Bellwood, D. R., Hughes, T. P., Folke, C., & Nyström, M. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02691 · Cited by 3,503
Self-citationPanarchy: Understanding Transformations in Human and Natural Systems
Price, M. F. (2003) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(03)00041-7 · Cited by 3,329
Social-Ecological Resilience to Coastal Disasters
Adger, W. N., Hughes, T. P., Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., & Rockström, J. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1112122 · Cited by 2,838
Self-citationGovernance as theory: five propositions
Stoker, G. (1998) · International Social Science Journal · doi:10.1111/1468-2451.00106 · Cited by 2,765
Navigating social–ecological systems: building resilience for complexity and change
Price, M. F. (2004) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2004.01.010 · Cited by 2,172
Command and control and the pathology of natural resource management
Holling, C. S., & Meffe, G. K. (1996) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10020328.x · Cited by 2,049
(1982) · Cited by 2,048
Response diversity, ecosystem change, and resilience
Elmqvist, T., Folke, C., Nyström, M., Peterson, G., Bengtsson, J., Walker, B., & Norberg, J. (2003) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2003)001[0488:rdecar]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 2,031
Self-citationSocial Capital and the Collective Management of Resources
Pretty, J. (2003) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1126/science.1090847 · Cited by 1,756
Adaptive environmental assessment and management
Jørgensen, S. E. (1980) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/0304-3800(80)90047-2 · Cited by 1,615
Scenario Planning: a Tool for Conservation in an Uncertain World
Peterson, G., Cumming, G. S., & Carpenter, S. R. (2003) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01491.x · Cited by 1,382
Self-citationCo-management: concepts and methodological implications
Carlsson, L., & Berkes, F. (2005) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.11.008 · Cited by 1,261
A hierarchical concept of ecosystems
Maurer, B. A. (1987) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/0169-5347(87)90199-6 · Cited by 1,234
Barriers and bridges to the renewal of ecosystems and institutions
Ludwig, D. (1996) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/0921-8009(96)84161-9 · Cited by 770
Linking Social and Ecological Systems
Berkes, F. (1998) · Cited by 709
Resilience and Regime Shifts: Assessing Cascading Effects
Kinzig, A. P., Ryan, P., Etienne, M., Allison, H. E., Elmqvist, T., & Walker, B. (2006) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-01678-110120 · Cited by 562
Self-citationElinor Ostrom, B., & Ahn, T. K. (2003) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 504
Governance as theory: five propositions
Stoker, G. (2018) · International Social Science Journal · doi:10.1111/issj.12189 · Cited by 463
Black Bass: Ecology, Conservation, and Management
Savitz, J. (2004) · Transactions of the American Fisheries Society · doi:10.1577/1548-8659(2004)133 · Cited by 397
Regime shifts in lake ecosystems : pattern and variation
Carpenter, S. R. (2003) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 281
Self-citationFelt, L. F. (1990) · Marine Policy · doi:10.1016/0308-597x(90)90025-m · Cited by 277
Spatial Complexity, Resilience, and Policy Diversity: Fishing on Lake-rich Landscapes
Carpenter, S. R., & Brock, W. A. (2004) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-00622-090108 · Cited by 264
Self-citationWhy Systems of People and Nature are Not Just Social and Ecological Systems
Westley, F. R., Carpenter, S. R., Brock, W. A., Holling, C. S., & Gunderson, L. (2012) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/jj.41003716.10 · Cited by 243
Self-citationChange and Identity in Complex Systems
Cumming, G. S., & Collier, J. D. (2005) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-01252-100129 · Cited by 217
Adaptive dancing: interactions between social resilience and ecological crises
Gunderson, L. (2001) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511541957.005 · Cited by 192
Self-citationUNCERTAINTY AND THE MANAGEMENT OF MULTISTATE ECOSYSTEMS: AN APPARENTLY RATIONAL ROUTE TO COLLAPSE
Peterson, G., Carpenter, S. R., & Brock, W. A. (2003) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[1403:uatmom]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 157
Self-citation(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-5349 · Cited by 129
Power Laws, Highly Optimized Tolerance, and Generalized Source Coding
Doyle, J. C., & Carlson, J. M. (2000) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.84.5656 · Cited by 108
Anderies, J. M. (2004) · Regional Environmental Change · doi:10.1007/s10113-004-0081-z · Cited by 64
Tipping Points, Abrupt Opinion Changes, and Punctuated Policy Change
Brock, W. A. (2006) · Yale University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctt1npq3m.7 · Cited by 47
Regime shifts, environmental signals, uncertainty, and policy choicePreprint
Brock, W., Carpenter, S. R., & Scheffer, M. (2005) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 44
Self-citationBiological diversity: balancing interests through adaptive collaborative management
(2002) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-3367 · Cited by 37
Research works printed but not linked: 13
- Holling, C. S. 1986. The resilience of terrestrial ecosystems: local surprise and global change. Pages 292-317 in W. C. Clark and R. E. Munn, editors. Sustainable development of the biosphere. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
- Holling, C. S. 1996. Engineering resilience versus ecological resilience. Pages 31-44 in P. Schulze, editor. Engineering within ecological constraints. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Holling, C. S., L. H. Gunderson, and G. D. Peterson. 2002. Sustainability and panarchies. Pages 63-102 in L. H. Gunderson and C. S. Holling, editors. Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Janssen, M. 2002. A future of suprises. Pages 241-260 in L. H. Gunderson and C. S. Holling, editors. Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Ludwig, D., B. Walker, and C. S. Holling. 2002. Models and metaphors of sustainability, stability and resilience. Pages 21-48 in L. H. Gunderson and L. Pritchard, editors. Resilience and the behavior of large-scale ecosystems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Olsson, P., C. Folke and T. Hahn. 2004. Social- ecological transformation for ecosystem managment; the development of adaptive co-management of a wetland landscape in southern Sweden. Ecology and Society 9(4): 2. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss4/art2/.
- Peterson, G. D. 2002. Forest dynamics in the southeastern United States: managing multiple stable states. Pages 227-246 in L. H. Gunderson and L. Pritchard, editors. Resilience and the behavior of large-scale ecosystems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Scheffer, M., F. Westley, W. Brock, and M. Holmgren. 2002. Dynamic interaction of societies and ecosystems: linking theories from ecology, economy and society. Pages 195-235 in L. H. Gunderson and C. S. Holling, editors. Panarchy: understanding transformation in human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Scholes, R. J., and B. H. Walker. 1993. Nylsvley: the study of an African savanna. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
- Walker, B. H, C. S. Holling, S. C. Carpenter, and A. P. Kinzig. 2004. Resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecology and Society 9(2): 5 [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss2/art5/.
- Walker, B. H., and J. A. Meyers. 2004. Thresholds in ecological and social-ecological systems: a developing database. Ecology and Society 9(2):3 [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss2/art3/.
- Westley, F. 2002. The devil in the dynamics. Pages 333-360 in L. H. Gunderson and C. S. Holling, editors. Panarchy: understanding transformation in human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Yorque, R., B. Walker, C. S. Holling, L. H. Gunderson, C. Folke, S. R. Carpenter, and W. A. Brock. 2002. Toward an integrative synthesis. Pages 419-438 in L. H. Gunderson and C. S. Holling, editors. Panarchy; understanding transformation of human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Regional economic resilience, hysteresis and recessionary shocks
Martin, R. W. (2011) · Journal of Economic Geography · doi:10.1093/jeg/lbr019 · Cited by 2,455
Adaptation to Environmental Change: Contributions of a Resilience Framework
Nelson, D. R., Adger, W. N., & Brown, K. (2007) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.32.051807.090348 · Cited by 2,280
On the notion of regional economic resilience: conceptualization and explanation
Martin, R., & Sunley, P. (2014) · Journal of Economic Geography · doi:10.1093/jeg/lbu015 · Cited by 2,217
Health and climate change: policy responses to protect public health
Watts, N., Adger, W. N., Agnolucci, P., Blackstock, J., Byass, P., Cai, W., Chaytor, S., Colbourn, T., Collins, M., Cooper, A., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60854-6 · Cited by 2,055
Focusing the Meaning(s) of Resilience: Resilience as a Descriptive Concept and a Boundary Object
Brand, F. S., & Jax, K. (2007) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-02029-120123 · Cited by 1,387
Metadata
- Authors
- Walker, B., Gunderson, L., Kinzig, A., Folke, C., Carpenter, S., & Schultz, L.
- Affiliations
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
- Emory University (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Stockholm University (SE)
- University of Wisconsin System (US)
- Venue
- Ecology and Society
- Publisher
- Resilience Alliance, Inc.
- Published
- 2006
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 1708-3087 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2550649555
- Cited by
- 1,374
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 89 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 95 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 90 · 2015: 94 · 2014: 109 · 2013: 62 · 2012: 76
- FWCI
- 32.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Ecology and Society (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Digital Library Of The Commons Repository (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Keywords
- resilience, social-ecological systems, heuristics, propositions, sustainability
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review