Mental and emotional health needs of orphaned and separated youth in New Delhi, india during transition into adulthood

Abstract

The transition process into adulthood from adolescence is a difficult period for many young adults. It is especially taxing for orphaned and separated children (OSC) populations, who tend to have traumatic past histories and inconsistent psychosocial support systems. Due to such adverse factors, OSCs may be more vulnerable to mental health risks during transition and beyond. However, there is currently limited research on the difficulties OSCs face during this period and how they influence their mental and emotional well-being. This study describes the mental health outcomes and transition experiences of a group of young adults who are currently transitioning (aftercare) or have already transitioned (alumni) out of a residential care organisation for OSCs in New Delhi, India. A sample of aftercare and alumni (n=50) were administered questionnaires on anxiety, depression, and life satisfaction, as well as qualitative semi-structured interviews. Findings indicate the diverse mental health trajectories prevalent in this population, showing both risks and areas of resilience. While a majority of the sample is experiencing some level of anxiety and clinically significant levels of depression, only a small percentage reported being dissatisfied with life. From the overall sample, two sub-groups were identified with having either high or low mental health risks. More individuals from the high risk group reported that the transition process was very hard and that they had less social support than did individuals from the low risk group. However, the complexity of patterns and differences in needs across the sample highlight the importance of addressing complex mental health issues on an individualised basis. Overall, these results emphasise the necessity of addressing the challenges of transition age youth. Specifically, analysis focuses on how qualitative information can be used to supplement quantitative measures to understand how best to support the emotional and mental health needs of vulnerable populations.