Cited by 23Ethics and Social Impacts of AIEthics in Business and EducationExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)

TAII Framework for Trustworthy AI systems

Open access
Baker-Brunnbauer, Josef·2021·ROBONOMICS: The Journal of the Automated Economy

Abstract

Organisations and companies need practical tools and guidelines to kick-off the implementation of Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (TAI) systems. AI development companies are still in the beginning of this process or have not even started yet. The findings of this article address to decrease the entry level barrier for AI ethics implementation by introducing the Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence Implementation (TAII) Framework. The outcome is comparatively unique given that it considers a meta perspective of implementing TAI within organisations. As such, this research aims to fill a literature gap for management guidance to tackle trustworthy AI implementation while considering ethical dependencies within the company. The TAII Framework takes a holistic approach to identify the systemic relationships of ethics for the company ecosystem and considers corporate values, business models, and common good aspects like the Sustainable Development Goals and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The TAII Framework creates guidance to initiate the implementation of AI ethics in organisations without requiring a deep background in philosophy and considers the social impacts outside of a software and data engineering setting. Depending on the legal regulation or area of application, the TAII Framework can be adapted and used with different regulations and ethical principles.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.67723/rj.v2i.17

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • This may also spur the emergence of generic trustworthy AI frameworks (regulatory sandboxes) that can be potentially adapted to different domains.

    “This may also spur the emergence of generic trustworthy AI frameworks (regulatory sandboxes) that can be potentially adapted to different domains, as it is discussed in [141].”

    From Connecting the dots in trustworthy Artificial Intelligence: From AI principles, ethics, and key requirements to responsible AI systems and regulation (2023) · cites this paper as [141]

    Section 3 (Trustworthy AI; page unavailable) says the TAII Framework can be adapted to different regulations and ethical principles, supporting the idea of an adaptable trustworthy-AI framework. The cited passages do not discuss regulatory sandboxes or suggest that such frameworks may emerge as a result of the development described in the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 28

  1. Aldewereld, H., Dignum, V., & Tan, Y. (2015). Design for Values in Software Development. In van den Hoven, J., Vermaas, P., & van de Poel, I. (Eds.). Handbook of Ethics, Values, and Technological Design. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer, pp. 831-845. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6970-0_26 · DOI
  2. Anabo, I.F., Elexpuru-Albizuri, I., & Villardón-Gallego, L. (2019). Revisiting the Belmont Report's ethical principles in internet-mediated research: perspectives from disciplinary associations in the social sciences. Ethics and Information Technology, 21, 137-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-018-9495-z Artificial Intelligence Ethics Impact Group AIEI Group. (2020). From Principles to Practice. An Interdisciplinary Framework to Operationalise AI Ethics. Retrieved 9.1.2021 from https://www.ai-ethics-impact.org/resource/blob/1961130/c6db9894ee73aefa489d6249f5ee2b9f/aieig- --report---download-hb-data.pdf · DOI
  3. Baker-Brunnbauer, J. (2019). Business Model Innovation in a Paradoxical Area of Conflict (Executive Summary). https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24272.66566 · DOI
  4. Baker-Brunnbauer, J. (2021). Management perspective of ethics in artificial intelligence. AI and Ethics, 1, 173-181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-020-00022-3 · DOI
  5. Bhatt, U., Xiang, A., Sharma, S., Weller, A., Taly, A., Jia, Y., Ghosh, J., Puri, R., Moura, J. M. F., & Eckersley P. (2020). Explainable Machine Learning in Deployment. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.
  6. Braband, J., & Schäbe, H. (2020). On safety assessment of artificial intelligence. Dependability, 4, 25-34. https://doi.org/10.21683/1729- 2646-2020-20-4-25-34 · DOI
  7. Boddington, P. (2021). AI and moral thinking: how can we live well with machines to enhance our moral agency? AI and Ethics, 1, 109-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-020-00017-0 · DOI
  8. Brandon, J. (2021). Using unethical data to build a more ethical world. AI and Ethics, 1, 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-020- 00006-3 · DOI
  9. Calo, M.R. (2011). Peeping Hals. Artificial Intelligence, 175(5-6), 940-941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2010.11.025 · DOI
  10. Cihon, P., Maas, M.M. & Kemp, L. (2020). Fragmentation and the Future: Investigating Architectures for International AI Governance. Global Policy, 11(5), 545-556. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12890 · DOI
  11. Delipetrev, B., Tsinaraki, C. & Kostic, U. (2020). Historical Evolution of Artificial Intelligence. EUR 30221 EN. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2760/801580 · DOI
  12. Eitel-Porter, R. (2021). Beyond the promise: implementing ethical AI. AI and Ethics, 1, 73-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-020-00011- 6 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Fjeld, J., Achten, N., Hilligoss, H., Nagy, A., & Srikumar, M. (2020). Principled Artificial Intelligence: Mapping Consensus in Ethical and Rights- Based Approaches to Principles for AI. Berkman Klein Center Research Publication, 2020-1, 1-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3518482 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Floridi, L., & Taddeo, M. (2016). What is Data Ethics? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 374(2083), 20160360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0360 · DOI · Paper page
  15. Floridi, L., Cowls, J., Beltrametti, M., Chatila, R., Chazerand, P., Dignum, V., Luetge, C., Madelin, R., Pagallo, U., Rossi, F., Schafer, B., Valcke, P., & Vayena, E. (2018). AI4People-An Ethical Framework for a Good AI Society: Opportunities, Risks, Principles, and Recommendations. Minds and Machines, 28, 689-707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-018-9482-5 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Greene, D., Hoffmann, A. L., & Stark, L. (2019). Better, nicer, clearer, fairer: a critical assessment of the movement for ethical artificial intelligence and machine learning. In Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS, 2019), pp. 2122-2131. https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2019.258 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Hagendorff, T. (2020). The Ethics of AI Ethics: An Evaluation of Guidelines. Minds and Machines, 30, 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09517-8 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Hickok, M. (2021). Lessons learned from AI ethics principles for future actions. AI and Ethics, 1, 41-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681- 020-00008-1 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Jacobs, N., & Huldtgren, A. (2021). Why value sensitive design needs ethical commitments. Ethics and Information Technology, 23, 23-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-018-9467-3 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Jobin, A., Ienca, M. & Vayena, E. (2019). The global landscape of AI ethics guidelines. Nature Machine Intelligence, 1(9), 389-399. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0088-2 · DOI · Paper page
  21. La Fors, K., Custers, B. & Keymolen, E. (2019). Reassessing values for emerging big data technologies: integrating design-based and application-based approaches. Ethics and Information Technology, 21, 209-226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-019-09503-4 · DOI · Paper page
  22. Lauer, D. (2021). You cannot have AI ethics without ethics. AI and Ethics, 1, 21-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-020-00013-4 · DOI
  23. Mantelero, A. (2018). AI and Big Data: A blueprint for human rights, social and ethical impact assessment. Computer Law & Security Review, 34(4), 754-772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2018.05.017 · DOI
  24. Martínez-Plumed, F., Gómez, E. & Hernández-Orallo, J. (2020). AI Watch, Assessing Technology Readiness Levels for Artificial Intelligence, Joint Research Center European Commission. https://doi.org/10.2760/15025 · DOI
  25. Mittelstadt, B. (2019). Principles alone cannot guarantee ethical AI. Nature Machine Intelligence, 1, 501-507. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0114-4 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Ryan, M., & Stahl, B.C. (2021). Artificial intelligence ethics guidelines for developers and users: clarifying their content and normative implications. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 19(1), 61-86. https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-12-2019-0138 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Shklovski, I., ANE, Data Ethics ThinkDoTank, & IEEE. (2021). Addressing Ethical Dilemmas in AI: Listening to Engineers. Retrieved 27.1.2021 from https://futurium.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2021- 01/Addressing%20Ethical%20Dilemmas%20in%20AI%20%E2%80%93%20Listening%20to%20the%20Engineers.pdf Systemic Society. Deutscher Verband für systemische Forschung, Therapie, Supervision und Beratung e.V. (n.d.). Systemische Methoden. Retrieved 21.8.2021 from https://systemische-gesellschaft.de/systemischer-ansatz/methoden
  28. Thiebes, S., Lins, S. & Sunyaev, A. (2021). Trustworthy artificial intelligence. Electronic Markets, 31, 447-464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00441-4 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Baker-Brunnbauer, J.
Corresponding author
Baker-Brunnbauer, Josef
Venue
ROBONOMICS: The Journal of the Automated Economy
Published
2021-12-16
Volume
2
Pages
17
ISSN
2683-099X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3200095873
Cited by
23
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1
FWCI
5.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
ROBONOMICS The Journal of the Automated Economy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Ethics in Business and Education
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
Keywords
trustworthy AI, organizational values, business models, Sustainable Development Goals, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, societal impact of AI, AI regulation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review