Scripting raced and gendered myths of (un)belonging
Open accessAbstract
Oppression shows up in ‘ambiguous and nebulous’ forms that are more difficult to pinpoint and acknowledge.[1] Derald Wing Sue defines racial microaggressions as ‘brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioural, and environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults to the target person or group’.[2] These interactions take shape in everyday interactions concealed by benevolent intentions. Often also called “everyday racism” and “everyday sexism”, the prevalence of microaggressions extend and maintain ongoing social injustices as they are tied to larger systemic disparities and violations of human rights. In the United States, despite multicultural metaphors of melting pots and salad bowls, the culture of middle class whiteness still dominates what is perceived as “normal”. Such normalisation is quietly sustained through banal instantiations that police the boundaries of whiteness. These daily exclusions are part of our cultural narratives of gender and race. Below, I reflect on two commonly heard phrases from my own life, ‘Where are you really from?’ and ‘You’re so exotic’, and how they reinforce racial, gender, and cultural assumptions that are also linked to history and policy.[1] Derald Wing Sue et al, ‘Racial Microaggressions in Everyday Life: Implications for Clinical Practice’ (2007) 62(4) American Psychologist 271, 273.[2] Ibid.
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For Black women with dark skin, colourism compounds the 'gendered racism' or 'racialised sexism' to which they are subjected.
“For Black women with dark skin, colourism compounds the ‘gendered racism’ or ‘racialised sexism’ to which they are subjected (see Essed, 2013; Kuo, 2017).”
From Skin shade and relationships: how colourism pits Black and mixed Black-White women against each other (2024) · cites this paper as Kuo, 2017
In “You Look So Exotic” (page unavailable), Kuo says women of colour experience racialised sexism and that scrutiny of their appearance can focus on skin colour. The passage does not establish the more specific claim that colourism compounds this sexism for dark-skinned Black women. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Research works printed but not linked: 37
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Phoenix, A., & Craddock, N. (2024) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2024.1495048 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kuo, R.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kuo, Rachel
- ORCID
- Kuo, Rachel
- Venue
- Griffith Journal of Law & Human Dignity
- Publisher
- Griffith Law School
- Published
- 2017-04-22
- Pages
- 68-90
- ISSN
- 2203-3114 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2614248176
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Griffith journal of law and human dignity. (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Race Theory in Education
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Feminist Theory and Gender Studies
- Keywords
- racial microaggressions, everyday racism, everyday sexism, whiteness, sense of belonging, exclusion, cultural myths, race and gender, exoticism, multiculturalism, systemic racism
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