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Wi-Fi tracking : Fingerprinting attacks and counter-measures

Matte, Célestin·2026
DOI 10.70675/1f117c62z6c31z46efzbadczff0b6e8afd15
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Abstract

Traçage Wi-Fi : Attaques par prise d'empreinte et contre-mesures: Le récent développement des appareils portatifs possédant une interface Wi-Fi (smartphones, tablettes et « wearables ») s'accompagne d'une menace sur la vie privée de leurs utilisateurs, et sur la société toute entière. Ces appareils émettent en continu des signaux pouvant être capturés par un attaquant passif, à l'aide de matériel peu coûteux et de connaissances basiques. Ces signaux contiennent un identifiant unique appelé l'adresse MAC. Pour faire face à cette menace, les acteurs du secteur déploient actuellement une contre-mesure sur les appareils récents: le changement aléatoire de l'adresse MAC. Malheureusement, nous montrons que cette mesure, dans son état actuel, n'est pas suffisante pour empêcher le traçage des appareils. Pour cela, nous introduisons plusieurs attaques basées sur le contenu et la répartition temporelle des signaux. En complément, nous étudions les implémentations du changement aléatoire de l'adresse MAC sur des appareils récents, et trouvons un certain nombre de manquements limitant l'efficacité de ces implémentations à prévenir le traçage. En parallèle, nous effectuons deux études de terrain. La première s'attaque au développement des acteurs exploitant les problèmes cités plus haut afin d'installer des systèmes de traçage basés sur le Wi-Fi. Nous listons certaines de ces installations et examinons plusieurs aspects de ces systèmes : leur régulation, les implications en terme de vie privée, les questions de consentement et leur acceptation par le public. La seconde étude concerne la progression du changement aléatoire d'adresse MAC dans la population des appareils. Finalement, nous présentons deux outils : le premier est un système de traçage expérimental développé pour effectuer des tests et sensibiliser le public aux problèmes de vie privée liés à de tels systèmes. Le second estime l'unicité d'un appareil en se basant sur le contenu des signaux qu'il émet, même si leur identifiant est modifié.

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Metadata

Authors
Matte, C.
Affiliations
Lyon
Publisher
Agence Bibliographique de l'Enseignement Supérieur
Published
2026
DOI
10.70675/1f117c62z6c31z46efzbadczff0b6e8afd15
Cited by
0
References
1

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Wi-Fi tracking : Fingerprinting attacks and counter-measures. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.70675/1f117c62z6c31z46efzbadczff0b6e8afd15
The paper
Matte, C. (2026). Wi-Fi tracking : Fingerprinting attacks and counter-measures. https://doi.org/10.70675/1f117c62z6c31z46efzbadczff0b6e8afd15