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Cited by 42Academic integrity and plagiarismEthics in Business and EducationHigher Education Governance and Development

Academic Integrity Policy Analysis of Publicly-Funded Universities in Ontario, Canada: A Focus on Contract Cheating

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Miron, Jennie, McKenzie, Amanda, Eaton, Sarah Elaine, Stoesz, Brenda, Thacker, Emma, Devereaux, Lisa, Persaud, Nira, Steeves, Marcia +1 more·2021·Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy
DOI 10.7202/1083333ar
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Abstract

In this article we report findings from a review of universities’ academic integrity policies in Ontario, Canada. The research team systematically extracted, reviewed, and evaluated information from policy documents in an effort to understand how these documents described contract cheating in Ontario universities (n = 21). In all, 23 policies were examined for contract cheating language. The elements of access, approach, responsibility, detail, and support were examined and critiqued. Additionally, document type, document title and concept(s), specific contract cheating language, presence of contract cheating definitions and policy principles were reviewed. Findings revealed that none of the universities’ policies met all of the core elements of exemplary policy, were reviewed and revised with less frequency than their college counterparts, lacked language specific to contract cheating, and were more frequently focused on punitive rather than educative approaches. These findings confirm that there is further opportunity for policy development related to the promotion of academic integrity and the prevention of contract cheating.

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  • Bretag et al.'s academic integrity policy assessment framework has been used in several national analyses of academic integrity policies.

    “However, Bretag et al.'s (2011a;2011b) academic integrity policy assessment framework, which has been used in several national analyses of academic integrity policies (Cullen & Murphy, 2025;Miron et al., 2021;Moya”

    From Policy analysis of higher education institutes in Ontario, Canada: A focus on artificial intelligence (2025) · cites this paper as Miron et al., 2021

    The Results section says the authors analyzed policies using Bretag et al.’s five core elements, so this paper supports the framework’s use in a policy analysis. But the Document Search and Retrieval and Limitations sections specify that the study covered publicly funded universities in Ontario, not a national sample. This citation therefore does not establish a national analysis. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Cited by

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Authors
Miron, J., McKenzie, A., Eaton, S. E., Stoesz, B., Thacker, E., Devereaux, L., Persaud, N., Steeves, M., & Rowbotham, K.
Affiliations
  • Humber Polytechnic (CA)
  • University of Waterloo (CA)
  • University of Calgary (CA)
  • University of Manitoba (CA)
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Sheridan College (US)
  • Fleming College (CA)
  • Queen's University (CA)
ORCID
Venue
Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy
Publisher
Consortium Erudit
Published
2021-11-08
Issue
197
Pages
62-75
ISSN
1207-7798 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.7202/1083333ar
OpenAlex
W3209674568
Cited by
42
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2
FWCI
10.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Érudit (Université de Montréal) (submittedVersion)
Funders
University of South Australia
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Academic integrity and plagiarism
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Ethics in Business and Education
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Higher Education Governance and Development
Keywords
academic integrity policy, contract cheating, Ontario universities, policy analysis, academic dishonesty prevention, higher education policy

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