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Cited by 606

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale

Open access
Nash, William P., Marino Carper, Teresa L., Mills, Mary Alice, Au, Teresa, Goldsmith, Abigail, Litz, Brett T.·2013·Military Medicine
DOI 10.7205/milmed-d-13-00017
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Abstract

Literature describing the phenomenology of the stress of combat suggests that war-zone experiences may lead to adverse psychological outcomes such as post-traumatic stress disorder not only because they expose persons to life threat and loss but also because they may contradict deeply held moral and ethical beliefs and expectations. We sought to develop and validate a measure of potentially morally injurious events as a necessary step toward studying moral injury as a possible adverse consequence of combat. We administered an 11-item, self-report Moral Injury Events Scale to active duty Marines 1 week and 3 months following war-zone deployment. Two items were eliminated because of low item-total correlations. The remaining 9 items were subjected to an exploratory factor analysis, which revealed two latent factors that we labeled perceived transgressions and perceived betrayals; these were confirmed via confirmatory factor analysis on an independent sample. The overall Moral Injury Events Scale and its two subscales had favorable internal validity, and comparisons between the 1-week and 3-month data suggested good temporal stability. Initial discriminant and concurrent validity were also established. Future research directions were discussed.

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Metadata

Authors
Nash, W. P., Marino Carper, T. L., Mills, M. A., Au, T., Goldsmith, A., & Litz, B. T.
Venue
Military Medicine
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2013-06
Volume
178
Issue
6
Pages
646-652
ISSN
  • 0026-4075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1930-613X
DOI
10.7205/milmed-d-13-00017
OpenAlex
W1996324786
Cited by
606
References
43
FWCI
13.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.7205/milmed-d-13-00017
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Nash, W. P., Marino Carper, T. L., Mills, M. A., Au, T., Goldsmith, A., & Litz, B. T. (2013). Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale. Military Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7205/milmed-d-13-00017

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