The DOI matches its DataCite record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Concept of Formative Assessment
Abstract
While many educators are highly focused on state tests, it is important to consider that over the course of a year, teachers can build in many opportunities to assess how students are learning and then use this information to make beneficial changes in instruction. This diagnostic use of assessment to provide feedback to teachers and students over the course of instruction is called formative assessment. It stands in contrast to summative assessment, which generally takes place after a period of instruction and requires making a judgment about the learning that has occurred (e.g., by grading or scoring a test or paper). This article addresses the benefits of formative assessment and provides examples and resources to support its implementation. Accessed 474,894 times on https://pareonline.net from August 06, 2002 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
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“tests that are closely integrated with daily instruction and that include reflective questioning of and feedback to learnerssometimes called 'assessments for learning'-are often viewed as powerful tools for learning (Black and William, 1998; Boston, 2002; National Council on Measurement in Education [NCME], 2005).”
From Making Sense of Data-Driven Decision Making in Education: Evidence from Recent RAND Research (2006) · cites this paper as Boston, 2002
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Assessment and Classroom Learning
Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (1998) · Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice · doi:10.1080/0969595980050102 · Cited by 8,152 · cited 6×
“Black and Wiliam (1998a) conducted an extensive research review of 250 journal articles and book chapters winnowed from a much larger pool to determine whether formative assessment raises academic standards in the classroom.”
BackgroundInfluentialClassrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation.
Ames, C. (1992) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261 · Cited by 6,468
Formative assessment and the design of instructional systems
Sadler, D. R. (1989) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/bf00117714 · Cited by 4,285
Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment
Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (2010) · Phi Delta Kappan · doi:10.1177/003172171009200119 · Cited by 4,231
The instructional effect of feedback in test-like events.
Bangert-Drowns, R. L., Kulik, C.-L. C., Kulik, J. A., & Morgan, M. (1991) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543061002213 · Cited by 1,313
Ramaprasad, A. (1983) · Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/bs.3830280103 · Cited by 915
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Bonwell, C.C. (1997). Using active learning as assessment in the postsecondary classroom. Clearing House, 71 (2): 73-76.
- Childers, P., and Lowery, M. (1997). Engaging students through formative assessment in science. Clearing House, 71 (2): 97-102.
- Duschl, R.D. and Gitomer, D.H. (1997). Strategies and challenges to change the focus of assessment and instruction in science classrooms. Educational Assessment, 4 (1): 37-73.
- Elawar, M.C., and Corno, L. (1985). A factorial experiment in teachers' written feedback on student homework: Changing teacher behaviour a little rather than a lot. Journal of Educational Psychology, 77 (2): 162-173.
- Fontana, D., and Fernandes, M. (1994). Improvements in mathematics performance as a consequence of self-assessment in Portuguese primary school pupils. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 64 (3): 407-417.
- McCurdy, B.L., and Shapiro, E.S. (1992). A comparison of teacher monitoring, peer monitoring, and self-monitoring with curriculum-based measurement in reading among students with learning disabilities. Journal of Special Education, 26 (2): 162-180.
- McIntosh, M.E. (1997). Formative assessment in mathematics. Clearing House, 71 (2): 92-97.
- Mullin, J., and Hill, W. (1997). The evaluator as evaluated: The role of formative assessment in history class. Clearing House, 71 (2): 88-92.
- Sawyer, R. J., Graham, S., and Harris, K.R. (1992). Direct teaching, strategy instruction, and strategy instruction with explicit self-regulation: Effects on the composition skills and self-efficacy of students with learning disabilities. Journal Page 3 of 4 Boston: The Concept of Formative Assessment Published by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst, 2002 of Educational Psychology, 84 (3): 340-352.
- Vispoel, W.P., and Austin, J.R. (1995). Success and failure in junior high school: A critical incident approach to understanding students' attributional beliefs. American Educational Research Journal, 32 (2): 377-412. Descriptors: Active Learning; Student Evaluation; Educational Strategies; Learning Strategies;Measures [Individuals] Citation: Boston, Carol (2002). The concept of formative assessment. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 8(9). Available online: http://PAREonline.net/getvn.asp?v=8&n=9. Page 4 of 4 4 Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation, Vol. 8 [2002], Art. 9 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/pare/vol8/iss1/9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7275/kmcq-dj31
Cited by
Making Sense of Data-Driven Decision Making in Education: Evidence from Recent RAND Research
(2006) · RAND Corporation eBooks · doi:10.7249/op170 · Cited by 202
Kahoot: A Promising Tool for Formative Assessment in Medical Education
Department of Medical Education, S. M. S., Ismail, M. A.-A., Mohammad, J. A.-M., & Department of Medical Education, S. M. S. (2017) · Education in Medicine Journal · doi:10.21315/eimj2017.9.2.2 · Cited by 159
Blended e-assessment: Migrating classical exams to the digital world
Llamas-Nistal, M., Fernández-Iglesias, M. J., González-Tato, J., & Mikic-Fonte, F. A. (2013) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.021 · Cited by 125
Pan, S. C., & Carpenter, S. K. (2023) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-023-09814-5 · Cited by 60
Metadata
- Authors
- Boston, C.
- Venue
- University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Publisher
- University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Published
- 2002
- References
- 6
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