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Left Ventricular Hypertrophy by Electrocardiogram: Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality in the Framingham Study
Abstract
In a general population sample of 5,209 in Framingham, Mass., the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram was commoner in men than in women, and it rose with age. In 12 years 3.0% developed a definite and 4.5% developed a possible pattern. Incidence was strongly related to blood pressure, but less than half of those with the pattern had definite heart enlargement on X ray. Some 55% of the cases of congestive heart failure and 27% of the coronary heart disease cases were either preceded or followed by the pattern. Prognosis was very grave. A definite pattern even when unassociated with coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, or rheumatic heart disease resulted in mortality of 59% within 12 years. One in 2 men over 45 years old died within 8 years of developing a definite pattern. Altogether, 44% of the 264 cardiovascular deaths were preceded by a definite or possible finding of left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram.
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Citations
Cited by
Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on the Risk of Death: The Framingham Heart Study
Benjamin, E. J., Wolf, P. A., D’Agostino, R. B., Silbershatz, H., Kannel, W. B., & Levy, D. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.98.10.946 · Cited by 4,575
Self-citationThe Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.
Fried, L. P., Borhani, N. O., Enright, P., Furberg, C. D., Gardin, J. M., Kronmal, R. A., Kuller, L. H., Manolio, T. A., Mittelmark, M. B., Newman, A., et al. (1991) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(91)90005-w · Cited by 3,652
The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure
Levy, D. (1996) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03530440037034 · Cited by 2,155
Obesity and the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation
Wang, T. J. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.292.20.2471 · Cited by 1,427
Role of Blood Pressure in the Development of Congestive Heart Failure: The Framingham Study
Kannel, W. B., Castelli, W. P., McNamara, P. M., McKee, P. A., & Feinleib, M. (1972) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197210192871601 · Cited by 603
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Metadata
- Authors
- KANNEL, W. B., GORDON, T., & OFFUTT, D.
- Venue
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Published
- 1969-07-01
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 89-105
- ISSN
- 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-3704
- OpenAlex
- W1995324568
- Cited by
- 753
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy by Electrocardiogram: Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality in the Framingham Study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.7326/0003-4819-71-1-89
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- KANNEL, W. B., GORDON, T., & OFFUTT, D. (1969). Left Ventricular Hypertrophy by Electrocardiogram: Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality in the Framingham Study. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-71-1-89
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