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Type B Hepatitis after Needle-Stick Exposure: Prevention with Hepatitis B Immune Globulin: Final Report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study
Abstract
Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and immune serum globulin (ISG) were examined in a randomized, double-blind trial to assess their relative efficacies in preventing type B hepatitis after needle-stick exposure to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG)-positive donors. Clinical hepatitis developed in 1.4% of HBIG and in 5.9% of ISG recipients (P = 0.016), and seroconversion (anti-HBs) occurred in 5.6% and 20.7% of them respectively (P less than 0.001). Mild and transient side-effects were noted in 3.0% of ISG and in 3.2% of HBIG recipients. Available donor sera were examined for DNA polymerase (DNAP) and e antigen and antibody (HBeAg; anti-HBE). Both DNAP and HBeAg showed a highly statistically significant correlation with the infectivity of HBsAg-positive donors. Hepatitis B immune globulin remained significantly superior to ISG in preventing type B hepatitis even when the analysis was confined to these two high-risk subgroups. The efficacy of ISG in preventing type B hepatitis cannot be ascertained because a true placebo group was not included.
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Cited by
The global burden of disease attributable to contaminated injections given in health care settings
Hauri, A. M., Armstrong, G. L., & Hutin, Y. J. F. (2004) · International Journal of STD & AIDS · doi:10.1258/095646204322637182 · Cited by 458
West, D. (1996) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/0264-410x(96)00062-x · Cited by 375
Pattyn, J., Hendrickx, G., Vorsters, A., & Van Damme, P. (2021) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa668 · Cited by 282
Horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus.
Gray Davis, L., Weber, D., & Lemon, S. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92876-6 · Cited by 208
Metadata
- Authors
- SEEFF, L. B., WRIGHT, E. C., ZIMMERMAN, H. J., ALTER, H. J., DIETZ, A. A., FELSHER, B. F., FINKELSTEIN, J. D., GARCIA-PONT, P., GERIN, J. L., GREENLEE, H. B., HAMILTON, J., HOLLAND, P. V., KAPLAN, P. M., KIERNAN, T., KOFF, R. S., LEEVY, C. M., McAULIFFE, V. J., NATH, N., PURCELL, R. H., SCHIFF, E. R., SCHWARTZ, C. C., TAMBURRO, C. H., VLAHCEVIC, Z., ZEMEL, R., & ZIMMON, D. S.
- Venue
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Published
- 1978-03-01
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 285-293
- ISSN
- 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-3704
- OpenAlex
- W2169864175
- Cited by
- 325
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 20.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Type B Hepatitis after Needle-Stick Exposure: Prevention with Hepatitis B Immune Globulin: Final Report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.7326/0003-4819-88-3-285
- The paper
- SEEFF, L. B., WRIGHT, E. C., ZIMMERMAN, H. J., ALTER, H. J., DIETZ, A. A., FELSHER, B. F., FINKELSTEIN, J. D., GARCIA-PONT, P., GERIN, J. L., GREENLEE, H. B., HAMILTON, J., HOLLAND, P. V., KAPLAN, P. M., KIERNAN, T., KOFF, R. S., LEEVY, C. M., McAULIFFE, V. J., NATH, N., PURCELL, R. H., . . . ZIMMON, D. S. (1978). Type B Hepatitis after Needle-Stick Exposure: Prevention with Hepatitis B Immune Globulin: Final Report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-3-285
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
