Cited by 206Osteoarthritis Treatment and MechanismsMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPhysical Activity and Health

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Comparative Effectiveness of Tai Chi Versus Physical Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Trial

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Wang, Chenchen, Schmid, Christopher H., Iversen, Maura D., Harvey, William F., Fielding, Roger A., Driban, Jeffrey B., Price, Lori Lyn, Wong, John B., Reid, Kieran F., Rones, Ramel, McAlindon, Timothy·2016·Annals of Internal Medicine

DOI 10.7326/m15-2143PMC PMC4960454

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Few remedies effectively treat long-term pain and disability from knee osteoarthritis. Studies suggest that Tai Chi alleviates symptoms, but no trials have directly compared Tai Chi with standard therapies for osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To compare Tai Chi with standard physical therapy for patients with knee osteoarthritis. DESIGN: Randomized, 52-week, single-blind comparative effectiveness trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01258985). SETTING: An urban tertiary care academic hospital. PATIENTS: 204 participants with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (mean age, 60 years; 70% women; 53% white). INTERVENTION: Tai Chi (2 times per week for 12 weeks) or standard physical therapy (2 times per week for 6 weeks, followed by 6 weeks of monitored home exercise). MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included physical function, depression, medication use, and quality of life. RESULTS: At 12 weeks, the WOMAC score was substantially reduced in both groups (Tai Chi, 167 points [95% CI, 145 to 190 points]; physical therapy, 143 points [CI, 119 to 167 points]). The between-group difference was not significant (24 points [CI, -10 to 58 points]). Both groups also showed similar clinically significant improvement in most secondary outcomes, and the benefits were maintained up to 52 weeks. Of note, the Tai Chi group had significantly greater improvements in depression and the physical component of quality of life. The benefit of Tai Chi was consistent across instructors. No serious adverse events occurred. LIMITATION: Patients were aware of their treatment group assignment, and the generalizability of the findings to other settings remains undetermined. CONCLUSION: Tai Chi produced beneficial effects similar to those of a standard course of physical therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health of the National Institutes of Health.

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Authors: Wang, C., Schmid, C. H., Iversen, M. D., Harvey, W. F., Fielding, R. A., Driban, J. B., Price, L. L., Wong, J. B., Reid, K. F., Rones, R., & McAlindon, T.
Affiliations: Tufts University (US)
ORCID: Wang, Chenchen
Schmid, Christopher H.
Iversen, Maura D.
Fielding, Roger A.
Driban, Jeffrey B.
Price, Lori Lyn
Wong, John B.
Reid, Kieran F.
McAlindon, Timothy
Venue: Annals of Internal Medicine
Publisher: American College of Physicians
Published: 2016-07-19
Volume: 165
Issue: 2
Pages: 77-86
ISSN: 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
1539-3704
DOI: 10.7326/m15-2143
PMC: PMC4960454
OpenAlex: W2397437154
Cited by: 206
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7
FWCI: 16.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.acpjournals.org/journal/aim/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
Locations: Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Annals of Internal Medicine
Funders: U.S. Department of Agriculture (58-1950-4-003, 1P30AG031679)
Pfizer
Rheumatology Research Foundation
Brown University
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
Astellas Pharma
European League Against Rheumatism
Fidia Farmaceutici
National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000073, UL1TR001064, 1P30AG031679, 5p30ag031679-15)
National Institute on Aging (P30-AG031679)
National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025752)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (RR025752)
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (K24AT007323, R01AT005521)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R24HD065688)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Keywords: Tai Chi, knee osteoarthritis, physiotherapy, comparative effectiveness, exercise therapy, WOMAC, depression, quality of life, physical function, home-based exercise, complementary and integrative health
MeSH terms: Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Tai Ji, Physical Therapy Modalities, Comparative Effectiveness Research

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Comparative Effectiveness of Tai Chi Versus Physical Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Trial

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