The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Models of Information Processing in the Basal Ganglia
Abstract
This book brings together the biology and computational features of the basal ganglia and their related cortical areas along with select examples of how this knowledge can be integrated into neural network models. Recent years have seen a remarkable expansion of knowledge about the anatomical organization of the part of the brain known as the basal ganglia, the signal processing that occurs in these structures, and the many relations both to molecular mechanisms and to cognitive functions. This book brings together the biology and computational features of the basal ganglia and their related cortical areas along with select examples of how this knowledge can be integrated into neural network models. Organized in four parts - fundamentals, motor functions and working memories, reward mechanisms, and cognitive and memory operations - the chapters present a unique admixture of theory, cognitive psychology, anatomy, and both cellular- and systems- level physiology written by experts in each of these areas. The editors have provided commentaries as a helpful guide to each part. Many new discoveries about the biology of the basal ganglia are summarized, and their impact on the computational role of the forebrain in the planning and control of complex motor behaviors discussed. The various findings point toward an unexpected role for the basal ganglia in the contextual analysis of the environment and in the adaptive use of this information for the planning and execution of intelligent behaviors. Parallels are explored between these findings and new connectionist approaches to difficult control problems in robotics and engineering. Contributors James L. Adams, P. Apicella, Michael Arbib, Dana H. Ballard, Andrew G. Barto, J. Brian Burns, Christopher I. Connolly, Peter F. Dominey, Richard P. Dum, John Gabrieli, M. Garcia-Munoz, Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic, Ann M. Graybiel, P. M. Groves, Mary M. Hayhoe, J. R. Hollerman, George Houghton, James C. Houk, Stephen Jackson, Minoru Kimura, A. B. Kirillov, Rolf Kotter, J. C. Linder, T. Ljungberg, M. S. Manley, M. E. Martone, J. Mirenowicz, C. D. Myre, Jeff Pelz, Nathalie Picard, R. Romo, S. F. Sawyer, E Scarnat, Wolfram Schultz, Peter L. Strick, Charles J. Wilson, Jeff Wickens, Donald J. Woodward, S. J. Young Bradford Books imprint
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Actor-critic models145-147 operate within the evaluation system”
From Resolving the neural circuits of anxiety (2015) · cites this paper as [145]
In the citing paper
“dopamine inputs to the striatum push the animal toward obtaining maximum reward, a process that must take into account possible dangers.”
From Resolving the neural circuits of anxiety (2015) · cites this paper as [145]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 999
Sensory Processing in the Dorsolateral Striatum: The Contribution of Thalamostriatal Pathways
Alloway, K. D., Smith, J. B., Mowery, T. M., & Watson, G. D. R. (2017) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2017.00053 · Cited by 79
Modeling the role of working memory and episodic memory in behavioral tasks
Zilli, E. A., & Hasselmo, M. E. (2007) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20382 · Cited by 81
Brain mechanism of reward prediction under predictable and unpredictable environmental dynamics
Tanaka, S., Samejima, K., Okada, G., Ueda, K., Okamoto, Y., Yamawaki, S., & Doya, K. (2006) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2006.05.039 · Cited by 80
Dietrich, A., & Haider, H. (2014) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0743-x · Cited by 82
How may the basal ganglia contribute to auditory categorization and speech perception?
Lim, S.-J., Fiez, J. A., & Holt, L. L. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00230 · Cited by 79
Brain Computations and Connectivity
Rolls, E. T. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198887911.001.0001 · Cited by 78
Building bridges between neural models and complex decision making behaviour
Busemeyer, J. R., Jessup, R. K., Johnson, J. G., & Townsend, J. T. (2006) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2006.05.043 · Cited by 75
Actor–Critic Models of Reinforcement Learning in the Basal Ganglia: From Natural to Artificial Rats
Khamassi, M., Lachèze, L., Girard, B., Berthoz, A., & Guillot, A. (2005) · Adaptive Behavior · doi:10.1177/105971230501300205 · Cited by 76
Reinforcement Learning on Slow Features of High-Dimensional Input Streams
Legenstein, R. A., Wilbert, N., & Wiskott, L. (2010) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000894 · Cited by 74
Neural systems analysis of decision making during goal-directed navigation
Penner, M. R., & Mizumori, S. J. Y. (2011) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.08.010 · Cited by 80
Eschenko, O., Guazzelli, A., & Mizumori, S. J. Y. (2004) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.118.4.751 · Cited by 78
Reward Prediction Error Computation in the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Neurons
Kobayashi, Y., & Okada, K. (2007) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1390.003 · Cited by 79
Insights into Parkinson’s disease from computational models of the basal ganglia
Humphries, M. D., Obeso, J. A., & Dreyer, J. K. (2018) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2017-315922 · Cited by 73
Pennartz, C. M. A. (1995) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(95)00014-3 · Cited by 73
What is pathological with gaze shift fragmentation in Parkinson's disease?
Kimmig, H., Haußmann, K., Mergner, T., & Lücking, C. H. (2002) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-002-0691-7 · Cited by 74
Dopamine, prediction error and associative learning: A model-based account
Smith, A. J., Li, M., Becker, S., & Kapur, S. (2006) · Network Computation in Neural Systems · doi:10.1080/09548980500361624 · Cited by 74
Dual Role of Medial A10 Dopamine Neurons in Affective Encoding
Liu, Z., Shin, R. S., & Ikemoto, S. (2008) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2008.4 · Cited by 73
Short-term memory traces for action bias in human reinforcement learning
Bogacz, R., McClure, S. M., Li, J., Cohen, J. D., & Montague, P. R. (2007) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.03.057 · Cited by 77
Computational models of reinforcement learning: the role of dopamine as a reward signal
Samson, R. D., Frank, M. J., & Fellous, J. (2010) · Cognitive Neurodynamics · doi:10.1007/s11571-010-9109-x · Cited by 75
Integrating early results on ventral striatal gamma oscillations in the rat
van der Meer, M. A. A. (2010) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2010.00300 · Cited by 71
Chen, M.-T., Morales, M., Woodward, D. J., et al. (2001) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7730 · Cited by 72
Yoo, A. H., & Collins, A. G. E. (2021) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01808 · Cited by 84
Emotions as ComputationsPreprint
Emanuel, A., & Eldar, E. (2022) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104977 · Cited by 84
Cowell, R. A., Bussey, T. J., & Saksida, L. M. (2009) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21373 · Cited by 75
Long-Term Reward Prediction in TD Models of the Dopamine System
Daw, N. D., & Touretzky, D. S. (2002) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/089976602760407973 · Cited by 71
A neural network model of inhibitory processes in subliminal priming
Bowman, H., Schlaghecken, F., & Martin Eimer, A. (2006) · Visual Cognition · doi:10.1080/13506280444000823 · Cited by 70
Wichmann, T., Bergman, H., & DeLong, M. R. (2017) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-017-1736-5 · Cited by 68
Contributions of the Anterior Forebrain Pathway to Vocal Plasticity
Brainard, M. S. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1298.042 · Cited by 68
Basal ganglia: structure and computations
Wickens, J. R. (1997) · Network Computation in Neural Systems · doi:10.1088/0954-898x_8_4_001 · Cited by 82
Mattfeld, A. T., Gluck, M. A., & Stark, C. E. L. (2011) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.022889.111 · Cited by 69
Rusu, S. I., & Pennartz, C. M. A. (2019) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.23167 · Cited by 63
Schneider, M. L., Moore, C. F., Gajewski, L. L., Larson, J. A., Roberts, A. D., Converse, A. K., & DeJesus, O. T. (2008) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01113.x · Cited by 69
Functions and Mechanisms of Intrinsic Motivations
Mirolli, M., & Baldassarre, G. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32375-1_3 · Cited by 70
Frontal-Striatal Circuits in Cognitive Aging: Evidence for Caudate Involvement
Rubin, D. C. (1999) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1076/1382-5585(199912)06:04;1-b;ft241 · Cited by 65
Gabapentin for Parkinsonism: A Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Trial
Olson, W. L., Gruenthal, M., Mueller, M. E., & Olson, W. H. (1997) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(96)00381-6 · Cited by 67
H∞ reinforcement learning control of robot manipulators using fuzzy wavelet networks
Lin, C.-K. (2008) · Fuzzy Sets and Systems · doi:10.1016/j.fss.2008.09.010 · Cited by 66
Macar, F., & Vidal, F. P. (2009) · Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale · doi:10.1037/a0014457 · Cited by 66
Podda, M. V., Riccardi, E., D’Ascenzo, M., Azzena, G. B., & Grassi, C. (2010) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.02.075 · Cited by 66
Todd, M. T., Niv, Y., & Cohen, J. D. (2008) · Cited by 69
Yehene, E., Meiran, N., & Soroker, N. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20077 · Cited by 69
J.A. Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) of Personality
Pickering, A. D., & Corr, P. J. (2008) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781849200462.n11 · Cited by 73
The Neuronal Replicator Hypothesis
Fernando, C., Goldstein, R. A., & Szathmáry, E. (2010) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_00031 · Cited by 59
Donahoe, J. W., Palmer, D. C., & Burgos, J. E. (1997) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1997.67-193 · Cited by 66
Carrey, N., MacMaster, F. P., Sparkes, S. J., Khan, S. C., & Kusumakar, V. (2002) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/104454602762599871 · Cited by 49
Brown, L. L., Feldman, S. M., Smith, D., Cavanaugh, J. R., Ackermann, R. F., & Graybiel, A. M. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-01-00305.2002 · Cited by 64
Reward prediction error does not explain movement selectivity in DMS-projecting dopamine neurons
Lee, R. S., Mattar, M. G., Parker, N. F., Witten, I. B., & Daw, N. D. (2019) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.42992 · Cited by 59
Basal ganglia contributions to adaptive navigation
Mizumori, S. J. Y., Puryear, C. B., & Martig, A. K. (2008) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.11.014 · Cited by 66
The role of the striatum in implicit learning: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Reiss, J. P., Campbell, D. W., Leslie, W. D., Paulus, M. P., Stroman, P. W., Polimeni, J. O., Malcolmson, K. A., & Sareen, J. (2005) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/01.wnr.0000175615.93312.1a · Cited by 63
Fasel, I., Deák, G. O., Triesch, J., & Movellan, J. R. (2003) · IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL) · doi:10.1109/devlrn.2002.1011724 · Cited by 62
Thalamic deactivation during early implicit sequence learning
Rauch, S. L., Whalen, P. J., Curran, T., McInerney, S. C., Heckers, S., & Savage, C. R. (1998) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199803300-00019 · Cited by 63
Sensory and Cognitive Functions
Parsons, L. M., & Fox, P. T. (1997) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60355-4 · Cited by 61
Biologically-inspired robot spatial cognition based on rat neurophysiological studies
Barrera, A., & Weitzenfeld, A. (2008) · Autonomous Robots · doi:10.1007/s10514-007-9074-3 · Cited by 62
Location and head direction representation in the dorsal striatum of rats
Mizumori, S. J. Y., Ragozzino, K. E., & Cooper, B. G. (2000) · Psychobiology · doi:10.3758/bf03332003 · Cited by 62
Neuro-Dynamic Programming: Overview and Recent Trends
Roy, B. V. (2002) · International series in management science/operations research/International series in operations research & management science · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0805-2_14 · Cited by 62
Self-Regulation and the Executive Functions
Luu, P., & Tucker, D. M. (2003) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012775421-5/50010-8 · Cited by 62
Embryonic development of the enteric nervous system of the grasshopperSchistocerca americana
Ganfornina, M. D., S�nchez, D., & Bastiani, M. J. (1996) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19960902)372:4 · Cited by 28
Grid Cells, Place Cells, and Geodesic Generalization for Spatial Reinforcement Learning
Gustafson, N. J., & Daw, N. D. (2011) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002235 · Cited by 67
Bazhenov, M., Huerta, R., & Smith, B. H. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4145-12.2013 · Cited by 58
Theoretical and Empirical Studies of Learning
Niv, Y., & Montague, P. R. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374176-9.00022-1 · Cited by 65
Serotonin and the Evaluation of Future Rewards
Schweighofer, N., Tanaka, S., & Doya, K. (2007) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1390.011 · Cited by 65
Delayed recognition memory in Parkinsons disease: a role for working memory?
Stebbins, G. T., Gabrieli, J. D. E., Masciari, F., Monti, L. A., & Goetz, C. G. (1999) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00068-2 · Cited by 62
The Interface Between Dopamine Neurons and the Amygdala: Implications for Schizophrenia
Haber, S. N., & Fudge, J. L. (1997) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/23.3.471 · Cited by 60
The time course of spatial and object learning in Parkinson's disease
Postle, B. R., Locascio, J. J., Corkin, S., & Growdon, J. H. (1997) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(97)00054-7 · Cited by 66
How Attention Can Create Synaptic Tags for the Learning of Working Memories in Sequential Tasks
Rombouts, J. O., Bohté, S. M., & Roelfsema, P. R. (2015) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004060 · Cited by 62
The Role of Corticostriatal Systems in Speech Category Learning
Yi, H., Maddox, W. T., Mumford, J. A., & Chandrasekaran, B. (2014) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu236 · Cited by 66
A scale-free systems theory of motivation and addiction
Chambers, R. A., Bickel, W. K., & Potenza, M. N. (2007) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.005 · Cited by 63
A working memory model based on fast Hebbian learning
Sandberg, A., Tegner, J. N., & Lansner, A. (2003) · Network Computation in Neural Systems · doi:10.1088/0954-898x/14/4/309 · Cited by 93
Reichle, E. D., & Laurent, P. A. (2006) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.113.2.390 · Cited by 61
Attention, habituation and conditioning: toward a computational model
Balkenius, C. (2000) · Cited by 59
A Computational Model of How Cholinergic Interneurons Protect Striatal-dependent Learning
Ashby, F. G., & Crossley, M. J. (2010) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21523 · Cited by 57
Toft, P. B. (1999) · Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(99)00046-6 · Cited by 56
Biological arm motion through reinforcement learning
Izawa, J., Kondo, T., & Ito, K. (2004) · Biological Cybernetics · doi:10.1007/s00422-004-0485-3 · Cited by 58
Slaght, S., Paz, J. T., Mahon, S., Maurice, N., Charpier, S., & Deniau, J. (2002) · Epileptic Disorders · doi:10.1684/j.1950-6945.2002.tb00542.x · Cited by 57
A tutorial on computational cognitive neuroscience: Modeling the neurodynamics of cognition
Ashby, F. G., & Hélie, S. (2011) · Journal of Mathematical Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jmp.2011.04.003 · Cited by 59
Verbal working memory in HIV-seropositive drug users
Farinpour, R., Martin, E. M., Seidenberg, M., et al. (2000) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617700655042 · Cited by 58
Spike‐Dependent Intrinsic Plasticity Increases Firing Probability in Rat Striatal Neurons In Vivo
Mahon, S., Casassus, G., Mulle, C., & Charpier, S. (2003) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.043125 · Cited by 58
Wylie, S. A., Stout, J. C., & Bashore, T. R. (2005) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.10.008 · Cited by 61
Rubchinsky, L. L., Kopell, N., & Sigvardt, K. A. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2036283100 · Cited by 57
Baldassarre, G. (2002) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/s1389-0417(01)00039-0 · Cited by 57
Wenger, K. K., Musch, K. L., & Mink, J. W. (1999) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.5.2049 · Cited by 58
The neuropsychiatry of neuroacanthocytosis syndromes
Walterfang, M., Evans, A. H., Looi, J. C., Jung, H. H., Danek, A., Walker, R. H., & Velakoulis, D. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.01.001 · Cited by 58
Reward-Predictive Neural Activities in Striatal Striosome Compartments
Yoshizawa, T., Ito, M., & Doya, K. (2018) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0367-17.2018 · Cited by 53
Ding, X., Li, J., Liang, H., et al. (2019) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-019-2075-0 · Cited by 57
Orienting of attention and Parkinson's disease: tactile inhibition of return and response inhibition
Poliakoff, E. (2003) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awg210 · Cited by 55
Skeel, R. L., Crosson, B., Nadeau, S. E., Algina, J. J., Bauer, R. M., & Fennell, E. B. (2001) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00026-4 · Cited by 60
Girard, B., Tabareau, N., Pham, Q., Berthoz, A., & Slotine, J.-J. E. (2008) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2008.03.009 · Cited by 55
Medial prefrontal cortex and the adaptive regulation of reinforcement learning parameters
Khamassi, M., Enel, P., Dominey, P. F., & Procyk, E. (2013) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-62604-2.00022-8 · Cited by 67
Neisser, U. (1996) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00042308 · Cited by 59
Ognibene, D., & Baldassarre, G. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development · doi:10.1109/tamd.2014.2341351 · Cited by 55
Impaired Comprehension of Raising-to-Subject Constructions in Parkinson's Disease
Kemmerer, D. L. (1999) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1006/brln.1999.2022 · Cited by 56
Levodopa improves skilled hand functions in the elderly
Flöel, A., Vomhof, P., Lorenzen, A., et al. (2008) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06079.x · Cited by 56
THE ROLE OF THE BASAL GANGLIA IN EXPLORATION IN A NEURAL MODEL BASED ON REINFORCEMENT LEARNING
Sridharan, D., PRASHANTH, P. S., & Chakravarthy, V. S. (2006) · International Journal of Neural Systems · doi:10.1142/s0129065706000548 · Cited by 56
Functional-Lesion Investigation of Developmental Stuttering With Positron Emission Tomography
Ingham, R. J., Fox, P. T., Ingham, J. C., Zamarripa, F., Martin, C. C., Jerabek, P., & Cotton, J. W. (1996) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/jshr.3906.1208 · Cited by 56
Moral Responsibility and Tourette Syndrome
SCHROEDER, T. (2005) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1933-1592.2005.tb00432.x · Cited by 55
Moustafa, A. A., Myers, C. E., & Gluck, M. A. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.04.020 · Cited by 56
Moustafa, A. A., & Gluck, M. A. (2010) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21420 · Cited by 57
Role of the striatum in incidental learning of sound categories
Lim, S.-J., Fiez, J. A., & Holt, L. L. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1811992116 · Cited by 55
The behavioural activation system: challenges and opportunities
Pickering, A. D., & Smillie, L. D. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511819384.005 · Cited by 56
Deng, Y. P., Xie, J., Wang, H. B., Lei, W., Chen, Q., & Reiner, A. (2007) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2007.02.008 · Cited by 55
Introduction. Modelling natural action selection
Prescott, T. J., Bryson, J. J., & Seth, A. K. (2007) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2050 · Cited by 56
Metadata
- Venue
- The MIT Press eBooks
- Publisher
- The MIT Press
- Published
- 1994-11-07
- OpenAlex
- W1607052939
- Cited by
- 1,190
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 16.11
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The MIT Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- basal ganglia, information processing, neural network model, motor control, working memory, reward processing, cognitive function, memory, cortical regions, forebrain, robot control, computational neuroscience
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review