Genetic Analysis of Thai Cattle Reveals a Southeast Asian Indicine Ancestry
Open accessAbstract
Cattle commonly raised in Thailand have characteristics of Bos indicus (zebu). We do not know when or how cattle domestication in Thailand occurred, and so questions remain regarding their origins and relationships to other breeds. We obtained genome-wide SNP genotypic data of 28 bovine individuals sampled from four regions: North (Kho-Khaolampoon), Northeast (Kho-Isaan), Central (Kho-Lan) and South (Kho-Chon) Thailand. These regional varieties have distinctive traits suggestive of breed-like genetic variations. From these data, we confirmed that all four Thai varieties are Bos indicus and that they are distinct from other indicine breeds. Among these Thai cattle, a distinctive ancestry pattern is apparent, which is the purest within Kho-Chon individuals. This ancestral component is only present outside of Thailand among other indicine breeds in Southeast Asia. From this pattern, we conclude that a unique Bos indicus ancestor originated in Southeast Asia, and native Kho-Chon Thai cattle retain the signal of this ancestry with limited admixture of other bovine ancestors.
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Indochinese and Chinese cattle populations are dominant in the zebu ancestry, specifically Y-chromosomal sub-haplogroup Y3a and the maternal sub-haplogroup I1a.
“Indochinese and Chinese cattle populations are dominant in the zebu ancestry, specifically Y-chromosomal sub-haplogroup Y3a and the maternal sub-haplogroup I1a [10,60,61].”
From The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [61]
The Results and Discussion (page unavailable) report a major indicine ancestral component shared by Thai and other Southeast Asian cattle. They do not establish that Indochinese and Chinese populations dominate zebu ancestry, or identify Y-chromosomal Y3a or maternal I1a; the paper’s analysis uses genome-wide SNPs rather than those haplogroups. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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References 28 · Cited by 26
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Akkahart K Line clustering and estimation of genetic parameters for growth traits and body measurements in Thai native cattle Thesis 2003 Khon Kaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand
- Khamkwan D Laepaijit Y Vitoonpong E Intaratham W Effect of inbreeding on growth traits in Esarn indigenous cattle BAHGI e-journal 2012a 2 15 27 (article in Thai)
- Khamkwan D Laepaijit Y Vitoonpong E Intaratham W Estimated breeding value and genetic trend of growth traits in Southern indigenous cattle line from multivariate analysis BAHGI e-journal 2012b 2 1 14 (article in Thai)
- Kornphan P Akaboot P Duangjinda M Phasuk Y Pakdee P Genetic variation and cluster analysis of Thai native cattle using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal 2012 40 362 366 (article in Thai)
- MacHugh DE Molecular biogeography and genetic structure of domesticated cattle Thesis 1996 Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland Available at wwwgentcdie/molpopgen/thesesphp (accessed 3 June 2015)
- Sarataphan N Chuensuk S Apimeteetumrong M Yiengvisawakul W Teepatimakorn S Genetic diversity of maternal lineages in Thai-native cattle by mitochondrial DNA analysis Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 2013 44 175 178
- Authors
- Wangkumhang, P., Wilantho, A., Shaw, P. J., Flori, L., Moazami-Goudarzi, K., Gautier, M., Duangjinda, M., Assawamakin, A., & Tongsima, S.
- Affiliations
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (TH)
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (FR)
- UMR 1313 GABI, INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Khon Kaen University (TH)
- Mahidol University (TH)
- Corresponding author
- Tongsima, Sissades
- ORCID
- Venue
- PeerJ
- Publisher
- PeerJ
- Published
- 2015-10-27
- Volume
- 3
- Pages
- e1318
- ISSN
- 2167-8359 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4627918
- OpenAlex
- W2178699978
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PeerJ (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Thailand Research Fund (RSA5880061, RSA5780007)
- National Science and Technology Development Agency
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Livestock Farming and Management
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Keywords
- Bos indicus, cattle domestication, genetic ancestry, admixture, SNP genotyping, cattle breed origin
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