Silence of the Commentaries
Open accessAbstract
As is well known, the Kāśikāvṛtti is the oldest extant rule-by-rule commentary on the Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pānini. Two major commentaries on it are available, the Nyāsa from the eighth century and the Padamañjarī, most likely from the eleventh century. In this article we focus on the term pradeśa, which is a familiar feature of the printed editions of the Kāśikāvṛtti on the sañjñā sūtras of the Aṣṭādhyāyī. A closer examination, however, shows that the sentence “Xpradeśāḥ — X … ity evamādayaḥ” (where X is the sañjñā) is not met with in either of the two commentaries. This has consequences for our understanding of the textual transmission of the Kāśikāvṛtti.
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- Findingown data
The sentence 'Xpradeśāḥ -X ... ity evamādayaḥ' is not found in the Nyāsa or the Padamañjarī.
“This article will show that the sentence”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“The sentence”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · boosted
“It is clear that, as a pattern, the pradeśa sentence has not attracted the attention of the two most important traditional testimonia, namely, the Ny and the Pm.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
- Findingown data
In A 1.1.23 section three contains an injunctive statement from the Mahābhāṣya rather than a counterexample.
“In A 1.1.23section three does not contain a counterexample.Rather it contains an injunctive statement taken directly from the Vyākaraṇa Mahābhāṣya (Mbh).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
The extant manuscripts overwhelmingly include the pradeśa sentence as part of the Kāśikāvṛtti text.
“The text found in all seventy manuscripts with minor variations 8 is the same as the twentytwo sentences presented in Table 1 above; that is, an overwhelming majority of manuscripts have this sentence as a part of the text of the KV.”
- Also stated in: § Sañjñā Sūtras in the Aṣṭādhyāyī and Further KV Manuscript Information · boosted
“It is clear from an examination of the available manuscripts that almost all of them read the pradeśa sentence as part of the main body of the text of the KV”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Also stated in: § Sañjñā Sūtras in the Aṣṭādhyāyī and Further KV Manuscript Information · boosted
- Findingown data
All sūtras with three sections follow the pattern demonstrated in A 1.1.1.
“All the sūtras quoted above that have three sections follow the pattern demonstrated above in A 1.1.1.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingnone given
All passages in the Kāśikāvṛtti on the sañjñā sūtras have the same general structure.
“All the passages in the KV on the sañjñā sūtras have the same general structure.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- Findingnone given
All sūtras with four sections follow the pattern demonstrated in A 1.1.8, except A 1.1.23 and A 1.1.37.
“All the sūtras that have four sections follow the pattern demonstrated in A 1.1.8,except A 1.1.23and A 1.1.37.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
The Kāśikāvṛtti on sixty-five of the sañjñā sūtras in the Aṣṭādhyāyī displays the pradeśa sentence.
“The KV on sixty-five of the sañjñā sūtras in the A displays the pradeśa sentence, as outlined above.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
In all twenty cases from A 1.1, there is a section, generally at the end except in A 1.1.11 and A 1.1.37, that identifies a sūtra where the sañjñā is used and calls such sūtras pradeśāḥ.
“In all these twenty cases there appears a section, generally at the end (except in A 1.1.11and A 1.1.37),that identifies a sūtra in which the sañjñā is used and refers to such sūtras as pradeśāḥ.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
In at least two cases, A 1.1.11 and A 1.1.37, the pradeśa sentence does not occur at the end of the relevant section; a further passage follows it.
“It is also noteworthy that there are at least two cases (A 1.1.11and A 1.1.37)where this sentence does not occur at the end of the relevant section of the text of the KV.In each of these cases there is a further passage following the sentence.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data
The text of the Kāśikāvṛtti on two paribhāṣā sūtras in A 1.1, namely 1.1.46 and 1.1.47, also displays structures similar to the sañjñā sūtras.
“In addition to these twenty cases, we observe that the text of the KV on two paribhāṣā sūtras in A 1.1-A 1.1.46 and 47-also displays similar structures.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data
The pradeśa sentence was absent from the main body of the Kāśikāvṛtti known to the Nyāsa and Padamañjarī.
“In other words, the conclusion to be drawn from a study of the two commentaries is unambiguous: Such a sentence was not part of the main body of the text of the KV known to the Ny and the Pm.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · boosted
“From this gap it becomes clear that a distinctive element in a pattern innocently assumed to belong to the KV was in fact absent from the text of the KV as received by the Ny and the Pm.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: The Nyāsa and Padamañjarī are reliable witnesses to the text of the Kāśikāvṛtti available in their periods.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · boosted
- Premisecitation
The current manuscript tradition of the Kāśikāvṛtti is closely related to a version available to the Nyāsa and Padamañjarī.
“Kulkarni et al. 2016 demonstrated that the current manuscript tradition of the KV can be shown to have close relations with a version of the text of the KV that was available to the Ny as well as to the Pm.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Kulkarni et al. 2016
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationreasoning
The pradeśa sentences were not part of the Kāśikāvṛtti in the pre-Padamañjarī period.
“But there are strong reasons to assume that these sentences were not part of the text of the KV in the pre-Pm period.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: The Nyāsa dates to the eighth century and the Padamañjarī to the eleventh century.
- Interpretationreasoning
The addition of the pradeśa sentences was crucial in shaping the Kāśikāvṛtti text as seen in printed editions.
“This addition was indeed crucial in shaping the form of the text of the KV as we see it today, in the form of printed editions.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
The common ancestor of all manuscripts studied is later than the Padamañjarī.
“The only plausible answer to the question posed above is that the common ancestor of all our manuscripts is post-Pm”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“This investigation also suggests that there must be a single archetype of all the manuscripts of the KV that we have studied, from which a hierarchical tree can be drawn to show the transmission of the text of the KV, and that this archetype must be later than the Pm.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: The Nyāsa dates to the eighth century and the Padamañjarī to the eleventh century.
- Rests on an assumption: The Nyāsa and Padamañjarī are reliable witnesses to the text of the Kāśikāvṛtti available in their periods.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
- Interpretationreasoning
The pradeśa sentences were added to the Kāśikāvṛtti after the Padamañjarī.
“The present evidence points to the existence of a textual tradition that caused the addition of this material to the text of the KV after the Pm.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Rests on an assumption: The Nyāsa dates to the eighth century and the Padamañjarī to the eleventh century.
- Interpretationreasoning
When Abhyankar and Shukla refer to the Kāśikāvṛtti as a source in their dictionary, they primarily refer to the post-Padamañjarī text of the Kāśikāvṛtti.
“when Abhyankar and Shukla refer to the KV as a source in their dictionary, they are primarily referring to the text of the KV that came into being in the post-Pm period.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationown data
The common ancestor of all manuscript sources used included the pradeśa sentence.
“thereby confirming the observation made earlier that the common ancestor of all the manuscript sources we used had this sentence as part of the text of the KV.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 6
- May combine two claims. 7
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingnone givenThe pradeśa sentence is a familiar feature of printed editions of the Kāśikāvṛtti on the sañjñā sūtras of the Aṣṭādhyāyī.
“In this article we focus on the term pradeśa, which is a familiar feature of the printed editions of the Kāśikāvṛtti on the sañjñā sūtras of the Aṣṭādhyāyī.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown dataA 1.1.45 has a different pattern: examples in section two, an explanation of interpretations in section three, and another explanation close to a counterexample in section four.
“A 1.1.45has a different pattern, as it contains examples in section two, an explanation of different interpretations of A 1.1.45in section three, and another explanation that is close to a counterexample in section four.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown dataOf the two five-section sūtras, 1.1.11 follows A 1.1.8 with an additional Mahābhāṣya statement in section five.
“Of the two sūtras quoted above that have five sections, 1.1.11follows the pattern shown above in A 1.1.8with an additional statement from the Mbh added in section five.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataIn those two cases, the Nyāsa and Padamañjarī comment on and quote the verses and words in the final passages but are silent about the intervening pradeśa sentence.
“The Ny and the Pm both comment on and quote those verses and words in those final passages, but are silent about the pradeśa sentence found between the text before it and the quoted verse.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataOut of twenty sūtras in Appendix 1, nine have three sections, nine have four, and two have five.
“Out of the twenty sūtras mentioned in Appendix 1, nine have three sections in the text of the KV: 1.1.1,2, 22, 26, 27, 42, 44, 60, and 64.Nine have four sections: 1.1.7,8, 9, 20, 23, 24, 37, 61, 65.Two have five sections: 1.1.11and 45.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingnone givenA 1.1.37 follows the pattern of A 1.1.1 with an additional statement from the Mahābhāṣya added in section 4.
“As for A 1.1.37,it actually follows the pattern of A 1.1.1 with an additional statement from the Mbh added in section 4.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThe pradeśa sentence does not occur in the Kāśikāvṛtti on all sañjñā sūtras; for example, it is absent in the Kāśikāvṛtti on A 1.1.73.
“The sentence does not occur in the KV on all sañjñā sūtras; for example, it does not occur in the KV on the sañjñā sūtra A 1.1.73vṛddhir yasyācām ādis tad vṛddham.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown dataThe Nyāsa and Padamañjarī consistently comment on the section immediately preceding the pradeśa sentence but remain silent about the sentence itself.
“We also note that these two commentaries have invariably commented upon the section of the KV immediately preceding the sentence in question, and yet they have remained surprisingly silent throughout about an important part of the text that informs the reader about the range of application of the sañjñā.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimThe quote only partly states this claim.
Findingown dataForty-five additional cases from other parts of the Aṣṭādhyāyī show the same pattern of absence in the Nyāsa and Padamañjarī.
“Forty-five further similar cases from elsewhere in the A (as detailed in Appendices 1 and 2) display the same pattern, strongly confirming our conclusion.”
- Also stated in: § appendix 1 · boosted
“The data presented in the table below show that neither the Ny nor the Pm comment on this sentence on sañjñā sūtras in other parts of the A as well, thereby confirming the observation that this is consistent behavior on the part of the commentaries.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Also stated in: § appendix 1 · boosted
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisecitationThe composition of the Kāśikāvṛtti can be shown to have undergone various stages of development.
“Kulkarni 2005 and2012 presented evidence and argued that the composition of the KV can be shown to have undergone various stages of development.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites Kulkarni 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Kulkarni 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisecitationThe source of extant manuscript material of the Kāśikāvṛtti existed in the pre-Padamañjarī period.
“Kulkarni 2012 concluded that the source of the extant manuscript material can be shown to have existed in the pre-Pm period.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Kulkarni 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningThere must be a single archetype of all the manuscripts of the Kāśikāvṛtti studied, from which a hierarchical tree can be drawn.
“This investigation also suggests that there must be a single archetype of all the manuscripts of the KV that we have studied, from which a hierarchical tree can be drawn to show the transmission of the text of the KV”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
The paper relies on this without support.
The Nyāsa dates to the eighth century and the Padamañjarī to the eleventh century.
“Two major commentaries on it are known-the Nyāsa (Ny) from the eighth century and the Padamañjarī (Pm), most likely from the eleventh century.”
“the Nyāsa from the eighth century and the Padamañjarī, most likely from the eleventh century.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The Nyāsa and Padamañjarī are reliable witnesses to the text of the Kāśikāvṛtti available in their periods.
“It is clear that, as a pattern, the pradeśa sentence has not attracted the attention of the two most important traditional testimonia, namely, the Ny and the Pm.”
“the two most important traditional testimonia”
Cites
A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar
Abhyankar, K. V. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 42 · see citing works
An Introduction to the Textual History Tool
Kanojia, D., Kulkarni, M., Bhattacharyya, P., et al. (2019) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationKULKARNI, M., & Kahrs, E. (2019) · Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) · doi:10.18999/sambh.35.35
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Kāśikā, a Commentary on Pāṇini's Grammar by Vāmana and Jayāditya, ed. Aryendra Sharma, Khan- derao Deshpande, and D. G. Padhye. Hyderabad: Osmania University, vol. 1 (adhyāyas 1-4), 1969; vol. 2 (adhyāyas 5-8), 1970. (Rpt. in one vol., 2008.)
- Dash, Sasmita. 2004. Critical Edition of Kāśikā (4.1). PhD diss., Univ. of Pune.
- Deo, Puja. 2001. Critical Edition of Kāśikā (3.1). PhD diss., Univ. of Pune.
- Kulkarni, Malhar. 2000. Critical Edition of Kāśikā (2.2). PhD diss., Univ. of Pune.
- ---. 2005. A Sample of the New Edition of the Kāśikāvṛtti: 2.2.6. Bharatiya Vidya 65 (ed. J. H. Dave and S. A. Upadhyaya): 116-27.
- ---. 2012. Some Issues in Editing the Ganapathas in the Kāśikāvṛtti. In Studies in Sanskrit Gram- mars: Proceedings of the Vyākaraṇa Section of the 14th World Sanskrit Conference, ed.
- George Cardona, Ashok Aklujkar, and Hideyo Ogawa. Pp. 213-58. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld.
- Kulkarni, Malhar, Anuja Ajotikar, Tanuja Ajotikar, and Eivind Kahrs. 2016. Discussion on Some Important Variants in the pratyāhārasūtras in the Kāśikāvṛtti. In Vyākaraṇaparipṛcchā: Proceed- ings of the Vyākaraṇa Section of the 16th World Sanskrit Conference, ed. George Cardona and Hideyo Ogawa. Pp. 209-36. New Delhi: D.K. Publishers.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kanojia, D., Kulkarni, M., Ghodekar, S., et al. (2022) · arXiv.org · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2201.01693
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kulkarni, M., & Kahrs, E.
- Affiliations
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IN)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Oriental Society
- Publisher
- American Oriental Society
- Published
- 2021-09-19
- Volume
- 140
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 0003-0279 (ISSN-L)
- 2169-2289
- OpenAlex
- W3088026798
- Cited by
- 0
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Oriental Society (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Asian Studies and History
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Southeast Asian Sociopolitical Studies
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Asian Geopolitics and Ethnography
- Keywords
- Aṣṭādhyāyī, Pāṇini, Nyasa, Sanskrit grammar, textual transmission, Sanskrit manuscripts
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