Mastication Frequency and Postprandial Blood Sugar Levels in Normoglycaemic and Dysglycaemic Individuals: A Cross- Sectional Comparative Study
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Mastication has potential to affect postprandial blood glucose levels by affecting cephalic phase of insulin release. However, limited number of studies done in this regard has yielded conflicting results. AIM: To evaluate effects of mastication on postprandial blood glucose levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared routine and thorough mastication in 2 separate groups: dysglycaemic (prediabetics and diabetics) and normoglycaemic in prospective interventional study. Blood glucose levels were measured pre-prandial and postprandial (after 2 hours) on separate days after routine and thorough mastication in both groups. RESULTS: In normoglycaemic group, thorough mastication significantly reduced postprandial blood glucose levels at 2 hours (128.25± 7.82 mg/dl on routine mastication vs 119.74±9.08 mg/dl on thorough mastication, p<0.05). Comparatively, in dysglycaemic group, thorough mastication had little effect on postprandial blood glucose levels at 2 hours (244.07±22.37 mg/dl vs. 243.55±22.87 mg/dl). CONCLUSION: In normoglycaemic group, postprandial blood glucose concentration upon thorough mastication was significantly lower, due to early-phase insulin secretion. This simple lifestyle modification of thorough mastication can be a useful preventive measure against diabetes in people with a strong family history and other risk factors for diabetes who have not yet developed diabetes or prediabetes.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Longer chewing time is associated with a slower glycaemic response.
“Others have also found that a longer chewing time is associated with the slower glycaemic response [18,29].”
From Effect of Cold Storage and Reheating of Parboiled Rice on Postprandial Glycaemic Response, Satiety, Palatability and Chewed Particle Size Distribution (2017) · cites this paper as [29]
The Results report lower blood glucose two hours after thorough chewing in normoglycaemic participants, but little effect in dysglycaemic participants. The study varied the number of chews per morsel; it did not measure chewing time or establish that the glycaemic response was slower. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 14 · Cited by 27
Research works printed but not linked: 16
- [1][1]. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitusGeneva, World Health Organization 1999 (WHO/NCD/NCS/99.2) [Google Scholar]
- [2][2]. John B, Buse JB, Polonsky KS, Burant CF, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In: Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Larsen PR, Polonsky KSWilliams Textbook of Endocrinology 2011 12th edUnited States, PhiladelphiaElsevier/Saunders:1371-1435. [Google Scholar]
- [3][3]. World Health Organization. Global Health Estimates: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex and Country, 2000-2012. Geneva, WHO, 2014 [Google Scholar]
- [4][4]. Global status report on non-communicable diseases 2014. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2012 [Google Scholar]
- [5][5]. Joshi SR, Parikh RM, India–diabetes capital of the world: now heading towards hypertensionJ Assoc Physicians India 2007 55:323-24. [Google Scholar]
- [6][6]. Mathers CD, Loncar D, Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030PLoS Med 2006 3(11):e442 [Google Scholar]
- [7][7]. Kaveeshwar SA, Cornwall J, The current state of diabetes mellitus in IndiaAustralas Med J 2014 7(1):45-48. [Google Scholar]
- [8][8]. Zhu Y, Hsu WH, Hollis JH, Increased number of chews during a fixed-amount meal suppresses postprandial appetite and modulates glycemic response in older malesPhysiol Behav [Internet] 2014 [cited 2015 Jun 20] 133:136-40.Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24857719 [Google Scholar]
- [9][9]. Suzuki H, Fukushima M, Okamoto S, Takahashi O, Shimbo T, Kurose T, Effects of thorough mastication on postprandial plasma glucose concentrations in nonobese Japanese subjectsMetabolism 2005 54(12):1593-99. [Google Scholar]
- [10][10]. Yamazaki T, Yamori M, Asai K, Mastication and risk for diabetes in a japanese population: a cross-sectional study. Dasgupta K, edPLoS ONE 2013 8(6):e64113 [Google Scholar]
- [11][11]. Zhu Y, Hsu WH, Hollis JH, Increasing the number of masticatory cycles is associated with reduced appetite and altered postprandial plasma concentrations of gut hormones, insulin and glucoseBr J Nutr 2013 110(2):384-90. [Google Scholar]
- [12][12]. Powley TL, Berthoud HR, Diet and cephalic phase insulin responsesAm J Clin Nutr 1985 42(5 Suppl):991-1002. [Google Scholar]
- [14][14]. Barrett KE, Barman SM, Boitano S, Brooks H, Endocrine Functions of the Pancreas and Regulation of Carbohydrate MetabolismGanong’s Review of Medical Physiology 2012 24th edNew DelhiTata McGraw Hill:431-50. [Google Scholar]
- [15][15]. Ohkuma T, Hirakawa Y, Nakamura U, Kiyohara Y, Kitazono T, Ninomiya T, Association between eating rate and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysisInternational Journal of Obesity 2015 May 25 [Google Scholar]
- [16][16]. Sakata T, Yoshimatsu H, Masaki T, Tsuda K, Anti-obesity actions of mastication driven by histamine neurons in ratsExp Biol Med (Maywood) 2003 228(10):1106-10. [Google Scholar]
- [17][17]. Wang K-Y, Tanimoto A, Yamada S, Histamine Regulation in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism via Histamine Receptors : Model for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in MiceAm J Pathol 2010 177(2):713-23. [Google Scholar]
- Authors
- Madhu, V.
- Affiliations
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Madhu, Vinayak
- Venue
- JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
- Publisher
- JCDR Research and Publications
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- OC06-8
- ISSN
- 0973-709X (ISSN-L)
- 2249-782X
- PMC
- PMC5020307
- OpenAlex
- W2514039329
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- mastication, chewing frequency, postprandial blood glucose, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, first-phase insulin secretion, cephalic phase, diabetes prevention, lifestyle modification
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
