Raphael, Steven

The Effects of Male Incarceration Dynamics on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Infection Rates among African American Women and Men

Johnson, R. C., & Raphael, S. (2009) · The Journal of Law and Economics

Criminal Justice and Corrections AnalysisHIV/AIDS Research and Interventions

Cited by 171

Incarceration and Incapacitation: Evidence from the 2006 Italian Collective Pardon

Buonanno, P., & Raphael, S. (2013) · American Economic Review

Criminal Justice and Corrections AnalysisCriminal Justice and Penology

Cited by 86

Crime, the Criminal Justice System, and Socioeconomic Inequality

Lofstrom, M., & Raphael, S. (2016) · Journal of Economic Perspectives

Criminal Justice and Corrections AnalysisCriminal Justice and Penology

Cited by 58

Effect of scaling back punishment on racial and ethnic disparities in criminal case outcomes

MacDonald, J., & Raphael, S. (2020) · Criminology & Public Policy

Criminal Justice and Corrections AnalysisCriminal Justice and Penology

Cited by 30

Effect of sentencing reform on racial and ethnic disparities in involvement with the criminal justice system: The case of California's proposition 47

Lofstrom, M., Martin, B., & Raphael, S. (2020) · Criminology & Public Policy

Criminal Justice and Corrections AnalysisCriminal Justice and Penology

Cited by 20

Can Restorative Justice Conferencing Reduce Recidivism? Evidence From the Make-it-Right Program

Shem-Tov, Y., Raphael, S., & Skog, A. (2021) · National Bureau of Economic Research

Criminal Justice and Corrections AnalysisCriminal Justice and Penology

Cited by 15

Understanding Race Disparities in Criminal Court Outcomes

Bushway, S., Jordan, A., Neal, D., & Raphael, S. (2025) · RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Criminal Justice and Corrections AnalysisCriminal Justice and Penology

Cited by 1